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Soil Characteristics of North American Sites Colonized by the Non-Native, Invasive Vines Black Swallow-wort and Pale Swallow-wort

Lillian C. Magidow1,2, Antonio DiTommaso1,*, Anna S. Westbrook1, Matthew J. Kwok1, Quirine M. Ketterings3, and Lindsey R. Milbrath4

1Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853. 2Current address - Winfield Solutions LLC, Shoreview, MN 55126. 3Department of Animal Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853. 4USDA-ARS, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, NY 14853. *Corresponding author.

Northeastern Naturalist, Volume 29, Issue 1 (2022): 108–132

Abstract
Vincetoxicum nigrum (Black Swallow-wort) and V. rossicum (Pale Swallow-wort) are non-native, perennial vines that are spreading across North America. We collected soil samples from invaded sites in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada. We also performed GIS analyses using the site locations, locations from iMapInvasives, and soil data from SSURGO. We found that Black Swallow-wort tended to occupy Inceptisols while Pale Swallow-wort occupied soils with more silt and clay, including Alfisols. Mean soil pH was lower at Black Swallow-wort sites compared to Pale Swallow-wort sites. However, both species colonized soils that varied widely in pH, fertility, texture, and taxonomy. We conclude that abiotic soil characteristics do not strongly constrain swallow-wort distributions in North America.

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