2010 SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST 9(Monograph 2):1–40 Additions to the Spider Fauna of Northwestern Louisiana Laurence M. Hardy* Abstract - The spider fauna of Louisiana tabulated here is based only on precise localities for species named in the scientifi c literature or on specimens in the scientifi c collections of the Museum of Life Sciences of Louisiana State University in Shreveport. Collections of spiders from northwestern Louisiana during the last 40 years or so have resulted in the recognition of several new records of spiders for the state of Louisiana (34 species), northern Louisiana (14), and northwestern Louisiana (15). Other species (22) are discussed because of major additions to their geographic distributions. Of the 319 species of spiders expected in northwestern Louisiana, 120 (38%) have been collected and verifi ed. Three are under study as possibly representing undescribed species. Introduction Northwestern Louisiana consists of mixed hardwood-coniferous forest, agricultural land, and urban development. Situated between the eastern deciduous forest and the grassland/prairie to the west, this region is an interesting ecotone, with a complex of eastern and western fl ora and fauna. The habitat appears similar to southern Arkansas and northeastern Texas, but differs by having more cypress swamps, slow bayous, and less relief in the physiography. The east–west transition (ecotone) is approximately at 98° longitude, which includes the area of eastern Texas. The numbers of species of plants with an eastern geographic distribution are equal to those with a western distribution at approximately 98° longitude (MacRoberts and MacRoberts 2003:fig. 1, Diggs et al. 2006:fig. 130, B.H. MacRoberts and M. MacRoberts 2008:fig. 13). This line of transition between eastern and western species also corresponds to the distributional boundary listed above. That ecotone has been in development at least since the Pleistocene. Dowling (1956) showed that the salamander fauna of the Ozarks probably differentiated in the Interior Highlands following the advancing edge of the wet Temperate Deciduous Forest and the post-Pleistocene aridity of the Great Plains. Northwestern Louisiana is the western edge of the zone of transition between the Temperate Deciduous Forest and the Temperate Grasslands of the midwest. Stein et al. (2000:205) state that “… relative discontinuities in the continuum allow us to partition a continuous landscape into reasonably discrete ecological units.” Widespread and conspicuous species frequently are discovered to be restricted to specifi c habitats and thus exhibit defi nite and predictable *Museum of Life Sciences, Louisiana State University in Shreveport, One University Place, Shreveport, LA 71115-2399; lhardy@lsus.edu. 2 Southeastern Naturalist Vol. 9, Monograph No. 2 distribution patterns; for example, Pituophis ruthveni Stull (Louisiana Pine Snake) is restricted to Pinus palustris P. Mill (Longleaf Pine) forests on deep sandy soils that harbor Geomys Rafi nesque (Pocket Gophers) (Himes et al. 2006). Knowledge of precise geographic distributions are necessary to accurately assess the biodiversity and to better identify species that are threatened due to highly restricted distributions, specifi c habitat requirements, or to habitat modifi cation. Spiders have been collected from northwestern Louisiana in an effort to improve our understanding of the biodiversity of spiders in this important biogeographic zone. Detailed distributions are unknown for many of the species of spiders reported herein. The purpose of this report is to provide more detailed information about the geographic distribution of some of the species of spiders of northwestern Louisiana in order to better understand the total geographic distribution of those species. Such information will better enable future workers to understand broad geographic trends and perhaps evolutionary relationships. Most of the species reported herein are those that represent new distributional records for the state of Louisiana, the northern one-half of the state, or for the northwestern portion of the state. It is beyond the scope of this study to elaborate on specific habitat requirements; that work is left to future endeavors. Materials and Methods All specimens reported herein are preserved in the spider collection of the Museum of Life Sciences of Louisiana State University in Shreveport. The catalog numbers are preceded by the abbreviations of the collectors, as follows: CMI = C.M. Ingran, LMH = L.M. Hardy, LRR = L.R. Raymond, PJB = P.J. Barbour, and ESW = E.S. Welch. Northwestern Louisiana refers to the area in the northwestern corner of the state that includes the following parishes: Caddo, Bossier, Bienville, Red River, DeSoto, Claiborne, Webster, Natchitoches (northeastern part), and Winn (northwestern part) (Fig. 1). Northern Louisiana refers to the region north of Vernon, Rapides, and Avoyelles parishes. Statements about the geographic distributions are based only on the published literature and the specimens reported here. The only literature that reported negative evidence (no records) that have been cited here are the appropriate generic revisions or monographs. The taxonomy follows Ubick et al. (2005). The records are listed by parish (bold face), followed by the detailed locality, the locality number on Figure 1, collection dates, and the collector’s initials and number. The common names follow Breene (2003), Fitch (1963), or other published sources. Results Cyrtaucheniidae Myrmekiaphila comstocki Bishop and Crosby (no common name [CN]) – This species was not reported by Dorris in Arkansas (1985) or in Mississippi 2010 L.M. Hardy 3 (1972); it is usually considered to be uncommon, but might be abundant in very localized populations. I have not found any specifi c locality records for Louisiana in the published scientifi c literature. Two specimens found in a pitfall trap are the fi rst records for the state. Winn: Kisatchie National Forest (37), 04/30/2005. ESW 90–91. Ctenizidae Ummidia audouini (Lucas) (no CN) — Gertsch and Mulaik (1940) recorded four species of Ummidia (as Pachylomerides) from central and southern Texas, including U. audouini “… presumably from the eastern part of the state.” These specimens represent the first published records for Louisiana. Caddo: Shreveport (12), 03/29/1973, LMH 7095; Shreveport, Stoner Avenue (12), 01/17/2004, LMH 13290; 2.5 mi. W, 1.0 mi. S Blanchard, Walter B. Jacob’s Nature Park (= Jacob’s Nature Park) (11), 06/18/1999, LMH 12032. Figure 1. The portion of northwestern Louisiana covered by this report. Circled numbers (1–73) identify the localities listed for each species in the text. Scale bar equals 10 miles. Some localities are grouped with a single number on the map (see text for detailed localities). 4 Southeastern Naturalist Vol. 9, Monograph No. 2 Filistatidae Kukulcania hibernalis (Hentz) (Southern House Spider) — This species is common in much of the southern United States where people live (Edwards 1983). These are the fi rst published records for Louisiana since Banks (1899). Bossier: Taylortown (73), 07/01/1998, LMH 11846–48; Caddo: Shreveport: LSUS campus (13), 07/19/2000, LMH 12483; Eddie Jones Park (= 0.7 mi. E, 3.0 mi. S Spring Ridge) (20), 03/21/2002, LMH 12497; Shreveport (12), 10/17/1996, LMH 11727; Shreveport, LSUS campus (13), 01/31/1996, LMH 11383; 08/31/2001, LMH 12458; Shreveport: 8015 St. Vincent Avenue (12), 02/20/1986, LMH 9221; 03/17/1986, LMH 9222; Shreveport: LSU in Shreveport campus (13), 06/30/1975, LMH 7791; 04/05/1979, LMH 8677; 04/15/1982, LMH 9051; 06/15/1994, LMH 10648; 09/23/1994, LMH 10809; 10/24/1994, LMH 10884; 10/29/2001, LMH 12749;10/28/2002, LMH 12905; 12/03/2002, LMH 12906; 12/03/2002, LMH 12907–09; Shreveport: LSUS campus, University Courts (13), 09/16/2002, LMH 12843. Scytodidae Scytodes thoracica (Latreille) (no CN) — This synanthropic species and other members of Scytodes from Texas are more southern in their geographic distribution and more likely to occur in northwestern Louisiana than in more northern or eastern locations. Gertsch and Mulaik (1940) listed four species known to occur in Texas and two others suspected from Texas; however, the closest specimen to Louisiana was one (S. intricate Banks, 1909 (no CN) ) from Jasper County, TX, near southwestern Louisiana. Brown (1974) reported specimens of an undescribed species from Nacogdoches, TX. According to Gertsch (1935) the US fauna consisted of six species known from either southern Texas (5) or southern Florida (1) and only S. thoracica from more northern localities. The records reported herein are the fi rst published for Louisiana. Bienville: Castor, west edge (52), 07/29/2006, LMH 13272; Bossier: 1.0 mi. N, 4.6 mi. W Oakland (3), 09/05/1994, LMH 10741; Caddo: Jacob’s Nature Park, 2.5 mi. W, 1.0 mi. S Blanchard (11), LRR 1758; Shreveport (12), 12/24/1969, LMH 4480; Shreveport, 1823 S. Brookwood Drive (12), 10/18/1993, LMH 10181; 10/30/1994, LMH 10905; 10/03/2003, LMH 12982; Shreveport: LSUS campus (13), 05/11/1970, LMH 5288; 01/10/1995, LMH 11314; Shreveport: LSUS Museum of Life Sciences (13), 11/30/1994, LMH 10950; DeSoto: 1 mi. E Mansfi eld Road on Stonewall- Frierson Road (10), 09/02/1969, LMH 4478. Pholcidae Crossopriza lyoni (Blackwall) (no CN) — This introduced species is the only known representative of Crossopriza in the New World (Huber et al. 1999). Even though it is considered to be widespread and synanthropic, the details of its geographic distribution in the United States are not yet fully known; for example, the species was fi rst reported for Kansas by Guarisco et al. (2003). In Africa, this species has a very specifi c geographic distribution 2010 L.M. Hardy 5 along the southern edge of the Sahara Desert (Huber 2005:fi g. 2); therefore, its ecological requirements are yet to be elucidated. This is the fi rst published record for the genus in Louisiana. Caddo: Jacob’s Nature Park, 2.5 mi. W, 1.0 mi. S Blanchard (11), LRR 1747. Sicariidae Loxosceles reclusa Gertsch and Mulaik (Brown Recluse) — Gertsch and Ennik (1983) listed L. reclusa and L. rufescens (Dufour, 1820) (Mediterranean Recluse) from Louisiana, with one specimen of each from Caddo Parish. Of the many other western and Mexican species, the geographic distribution of L. devia Gertsch and Mulaik, 1940 (Texas Recluse) in central Texas makes the closest approach to western Louisiana. Loxosceles reclusa is uncommon but expected in appropriate (usually urban—records in natural habitats are uncommon) habitats throughout the area. Caddo: Walter B. Jacob’s Nature Park, 1.0 mi. S, 2.5 mi. W Blanchard (11), LRR 1731; 0.4 mi. W, 4.8 mi. S Forbing (2), 08/04/1988, LMH 9780; Webster: Yatasi scout camp, Caney Lake (29), 09/22/1973, LMH 7351; Winn: 4.8 mi. E, 3.4 mi. S Goldonna (34), 07/25/2000, LMH 12418. Oecobiidae Oecobius annulipes Lucas, 1846 (no CN) — This is the fi rst published record of this species from the northern half of Louisiana. The single other record is from the vicinity of Baton Rouge (Shear 1970). That specimen and all others from this area are known only from within houses. Caddo: Shreveport: 8501 Millicent Way (12), 08/28/2001, LMH 12457. Oecobius cellariorum (Dugès, 1836) (no CN) — This is the fi rst published record for Louisiana. Shear (1970) reported this species from Texas and Arkansas. Caddo: Shreveport: LSUS campus (13), 02/28/1995, LMH 11321. Uloboridae Hyptiotes cavatus (Hentz, 1847) (Triangle Weaver) — Known from surrounding states and present near Texarkana, TX, but not recorded from Louisiana (Dondale et al. 2003, Muma and Gertsch 1964). This is the first published record for Louisiana. Winn: 0.9 mi. W, 6.5 mi. S Brewton Mill (31), 10/19/2000, LMH 12362. Uloborus glomosus (Walckenaer, 1842) (Featherlegged Orbweaver) — This species is widespread in Louisiana and other regions (Dondale et al. 2003, Muma and Gertsch 1964), but has not been reported from the northwestern part of the state. These are the fi rst published records for northwestern Louisiana since Banks (1899). Bossier: 2.0 mi. W, 2.8 mi. S Fillmore (BAFB) (5), 08/12/1994, LMH 10664; 4.7 mi. W, 0.1 mi. N Oakland (3), 09/23/1994, LMH 10797. Nesticidae Eidmannella pallida (Emerton, 1875) (no CN) — Cokendolpher and Reddell (2001) did not report any records of this species from Texas counties adjacent to northwestern Louisiana. Gertsch (1984) reported one record 6 Southeastern Naturalist Vol. 9, Monograph No. 2 for extreme southern Louisiana; it is widespread over most of the US. These are the fi rst published records from northern Louisiana. Caddo: Shreveport, 1823 S. Brookwood Drive (12), 10/18/1993, LMH 10177, 10180, 10192. Theridiidae Argyrodes elevatus Taczanowski, 1873 (no CN) — Exline and Levi (1962) reported only one record for Louisiana. These are the fi rst published records for northwestern Louisiana. Bossier: 2.4 mi. E, 0.5 mi. N Flag Lake spillway (5), 09/05/1994, LMH 10724; 09/23/1994, LMH 10795; 4.9 mi. W, 1.1 mi. N Oakland, el. 160 ft. (3), 08/25/1994, LMH 10681; 5.5 mi. W, 1.6 mi. N Oakland, el. 160 ft. (4), 08/26/1994, LMH 10692. Latrodectus variolus Walckenaer, 1837 (Northern Black Widow) — This species was described in 1837 by Walckenaer, later synonomyzed with L. mactans (Fabricius, 1775) (Southern Black Widow) by Levi (1959), and in 1964 McCrone and Levi recognized it as a distinct species. The distribution includes most of North America; however, no details were given by Levi and Randolph (1975). These are the fi rst specifi c localities published for this uncommon species in northwestern Louisiana. Caddo: Jacob’s Nature Park, 1.0 mi. S, 2.5 mi. W Blanchard (11), LRR 1739; Natchitoches: 4.5 mi. E, 1.0 mi. S Ashland (43), 10/02/1999, LMH 12178. Parasteatoda tepidariorum (C.L. Koch, 1841) (Common House Spider) — This species is widespread in the US, but no localities were given for Louisiana by Levi (1955a, 1967). This is the fi rst published record for this species in Louisiana. Caddo: Shreveport, 1823 S. Brookwood Drive (12), 07/25/1998, LMH 11895. Linyphiidae Frontinella communis (Hentz, 1850) (Bowl and Doily Weaver) — Gertsch and Davis (1946) did not provide any localities north of Mexico. These are the first specific localities published for the United States since Banks (1899). The name follows Platnick (2009). Bossier: 0.2 mi. N, 0.4 mi. E Flag Lake spillway, el. 180 ft. (5), 08/26/1994, LMH 10700–01; 0.5 mi. E, 0.3 mi. S spillway of Flag Lake (5), 09/15/1994, LMH 10751– 52; 0.5 mi. N, 2.4 mi. E Flag Lake spillway (5), 09/23/1994, LMH 10796; 2.0 mi. W, 0.8 mi. N Oakland (3), 09/22/1994, LMH 10775; 3.2 mi. W, 1.1 mi. N Oakland, el. 210 ft. (3), 09/02/1994, LMH 10722; 4.3 mi. W, 0.4 mi. N Oakland, el. 205 ft (3), 10/20/1994, LMH 10879–81; 4.7 mi. W, 0.1 mi. N Oakland (3), 09/23/1994, LMH 10798; 5.2 mi. W, 0.5 mi. S Oakland, el. 160 ft (4), 11/04/1994, LMH 10899; Bodcau Dam, WMA (8), 09/19/1996, LMH 11412; Caddo: Shreveport: Bickham-Dickson Park (= B-D Park) (13), 09/19/1996, LMH 11402; Claiborne: 0.6 mi. N, 5.8 mi. E Summerfield (= jct. FR 902 and FR 922), edge Corney Lake (24), 09/25/2002, LMH 12878; boat launch, 5.4 mi. (by LA 146) W Claiborne– Lincoln parish line (58), 07/29/2006, LMH 13237–38; DeSoto: 5.3 mi. (by LA 3015) E Longstreet (45), 07/29/2006, LMH 13239. 2010 L.M. Hardy 7 Tetragnathidae Leucauge venusta (Walckenaer, 1842) (Orchard Orbweaver) — Dondale et al. (2003) and Levi (1980) showed only one record in the northern half of Louisiana, but many records throughout the eastern half of the US. These are the first records of specific localities published for northwestern Louisiana, and, as expected, this species is common in northwestern Louisiana. Caddo: 0.9 mi. E (jct. LA 538 and 169) Mooringsport (22), 11/05/1994, LMH 10909–10; 2 mi. S Ida, on US 71 (23), 05/19/2002, LMH 12619; 2.5 mi. W, 1.0 mi. S Blanchard (11), 06/07/1986, LMH 9370; Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 11/06/1994, LMH 10907; 09/12/1996, LMH 11387; 10/13/2002, LMH 12893; Claiborne: 0.6 mi. N, 5.8 mi. E Summerfield (= jct. FR 902 and FR 922, edge Corney Lake) (24), 09/25/2002, LMH 12860; 12871; 12880; 0.1 mi. W (via LA 146) Claiborne–Lincoln parish line (57), 07/29/2006, LMH 13285; Grant: 3.8 mi. W, 3.2 mi. S Packton (not mapped), 07/13/1999, LMH 12076; Natchitoches: 4 mi. W Readheimer, Winn Ranger District, Kisatchie National Forest (43), 05/01/1999, LMH 11925–26; Winn: 3.0 mi. W, 2.2 mi. S Calvin (37), 07/17/1999, LMH 12116; 4.0 mi. E, 2.0 mi. S Goldonna (35), 05/16/2000, LMH 12246. Tetragnatha elongata Walckenaer, 1842 (Elongate Longjawed Orbweaver) — Known from all surrounding states but not recorded from northern Louisiana (Dondale et al. 2003, Levi 1981). These are the fi rst published records for this species from northern Louisiana. Bossier: 1.9 mi. N, 2.4 mi. E Flag Lake spillway, el. 275 ft. (5), 10/06/1994, LMH 10835; Caddo: 2.5 mi. W, 1.0 mi. S Blanchard (11), 10/15/1993, LMH 10173; Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 09/18/1996, LMH 11470; DeSoto: S shore Wallace Lake, nr dam (26), 09/19/1996, LMH 11421, with Chuck Boatman, 2000–2200 hr at water’s edge, cypress, mixed forest; Winn: 0.9 mi. W, 6.5 mi. S Brewton Mill (31), 05/25/2000, LMH 12252–53; 4.5 mi. W, 1.4 mi. N Calvin (35), 08/17/1999, LMH 12145, 12156, 12158, 12159. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826) (no CN) — Not known from Louisiana (Levi 1981). This is the fi rst published record for the state. Bossier: 1.9 mi. N, 2.4 mi. E Flag Lake spillway, el. 275 ft (5), 10/06/1994, LMH 10847; 3.8–4.0 mi. SE Benton (by road) from jct. LA 3 and Bellvue Road (71), 04/29/1977, PJB 1329 (2 females). Nephilidae Nephila clavipes (Linnaeus, 1767) (Golden Silk Orbweaver) — Levi (1980) reported no records from Louisiana north of Baton Rouge. This is the fi rst published record for northern Louisiana. Bossier: Bodcau WMA, west spillway (8), 09/19/1996, LMH 11444. Araneidae Acacesia hamata (Hentz, 1847) (Difoliate Orbweaver) — This species is known from extreme northeastern Louisiana and from the surrounding states (Levi 1976). This is the fi rst published record for the western half of the state since Banks (1899). Bossier: 0.5 mi. W, 1.1 mi. N spillway of Flag Lake (5), 8 Southeastern Naturalist Vol. 9, Monograph No. 2 09/15/1994, LMH 10749; 10.7 mi. E (via LA 162 and LA 157) Benton (65), 07/29/2006, LMH 13256; Webster: 1.3 mi. N (by LA 371) Cotton Valley (63), 07/29/2006, LMH 13241; Winn: 4.0 mi. E, 2.0 mi. S Goldonna (35), 07/25/2000, LMH 12320. Acanthepeira stellata (Walckenaer, 1805) (Starbellied Orbweaver) — This species has been reported from Louisiana and from the surrounding states (Dondale et al. 2003, Levi 1976). This is the first published record for northwestern Louisiana. Bossier: 4.9 mi. W, 1.1 mi. N Oakland, el. 160 ft. (3), 08/25/1994, LMH 10676; 4.1 mi. W, 1.1 mi. N Oakland, el. 160 ft. (3), 10/06/1994, LMH 10832; 1.9 mi. N, 2.4 mi. E Flag Lake spillway, el. 275 ft. (5), 10/06/1994, LMH 10834; 4.9 mi. W, 1.1 mi. N Oakland, el. 160 ft. (3), 10/18/1994, LMH 10872; Bodcau WMA, west spillway (8), 09/19/1996, LMH 11445; Plain Dealing (21), 09/16/1995, LMH 11267; Caddo: Shreveport: Red River Education and Research Park (= B-D Park) (13), 11/16/1994, LMH 10947; 3.3 mi. S Springridge (= Eddie D. Jones Nature Park) (20), 10/17/2002, LMH 12903; Grant: 4.7 mi. W, 4.6 mi. S Packton (not mapped), 07/14/1999, LMH 12099; Winn: 3.0 mi. W, 2.2 mi. S Calvin (37), 07/17/1999, LMH 12120; 0.9 mi. W, 6.5 mi. S Brewton Mill (31), 08/09/2000, LMH 12333. Araneus bicentenarius (McCook, 1888) (no CN) — Levi (1971a) reported this species from central Louisiana and Dondale et al. (2003) provided no additional records. These are the first published records for this abundant species in northwestern Louisiana. Bossier: Loggy Bayou WMA (7), 07/01/1998, LMH 11840–44; Caddo: Shreveport: 1/4 mi. E LSUS campus (13), 10/27/1993, LMH 10200; Shreveport: 1823 S. Brookwood Drive (12), 07/24/1998, LMH 11878; Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 09/19/1996, LMH 11395, 11409; Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 11/16/1994, LMH 10948; Claiborne: 2.4 mi. S, 3.6 mi. E Homer (= Pelican Cove on Peterson Rd.) (25), 07/04/2000, LMH 12328; DeSoto: 2 mi. E Stonewall (10), 08/20/1994, LMH 10666; Grant: 3.8 mi. W, 3.2 mi. S Packton (not mapped), 07/14/1999, LMH 12089; Natchitoches: 1.0 mi. W, 4.4 mi. N Goldonna (41), 06/15/1999, LMH 12011; 1.5 mi. W, 0.8 mi. N Readhimer (43), 06/16/1999, LMH 12026–27; 4.5 mi. E, 1.0 mi. S Ashland (43), 10/02/1999, LMH 12181; Cloud Crossing on Saline Bayou (41), 06/11/1999, LMH 11991, 11997; Red River: Red River National Wildlife Refuge (= 1.8 mi. E, 0.2 mi. S Westdale) (27), 10/05/2003, LMH 12985– 86; Winn: 0.9 mi. W, 6.5 mi. S Brewton Mill (31), 06/06/2000, LMH 12269; 06/22/2000, LMH 12284. Araneus marmoreus Clerck, 1757 (Marbled Orbweaver) — According to Levi (1971a) and Dondale et al. (2003), there were no records of this species from Louisiana. These are the first published records of A. marmoreus from Louisiana; however, there are records from all of the surrounding states (Dondale et al., 2003). Bossier: 1.9 mi. N, 2.4 mi. E Flag Lake spillway, el. 275 ft. (5), 10/07/1994, LMH 10851; 2.0 mi. W, 1.1 mi. N Flag Lake spillway (5), 10/27/1994, LMH 10886; 4.3 mi. W, 2010 L.M. Hardy 9 0.4 mi. N Oakland, el. 205 ft. (3), 10/20/1994, LMH 10876; Barksdale Air Force Base, Moon Lake (5), 11/10/1998, LMH 11328; Bodcau Bayou (8), 11/20/1996, LMH 11835; Haughton (9), 10/17/1996, LMH 11702; Caddo: Shreveport: boat launch at E. Stoner Avenue at Red River (14), 10/13/2001, LMH 12471; Soda Lake WMA (=3.8 mi. E, 2.3 mi. S Mooringsport)(15), 10/02/2002, LMH 12887–88; Winn: 0.3 mi. W, 3.3 mi. S Brewton Mill (30), 10/02/1999, LMH 12185–86. Araneus pegnia (Walckenaer, 1842) (no CN) — Although known from eastern Texas and southern Louisiana (Dondale et al. 2003, Levi, 1973), these are the fi rst published records from northern Louisiana. DeSoto: 1/4 mi. W Wallace Lake Dam (26), 11/11/2001, LMH 12482; Natchitoches: 4.5 mi. E, 1.0 mi. S Ashland (43), 10/02/1999, LMH 12179; Webster: 0.5 mi. N, 2.0 mi. E Doyline (LAAP) (28), 11/04/1993, LMH 10219. Argiope aurantia Lucas, 1833 (Yellow Garden Spider) — Levi (1968) showed three localities from southern Louisiana, but none from the remainder of the state. Dondale et al. (2003) recorded this species only in the southern half of the state and in all surrounding states. These are the fi rst published records of this species from the northern half of Louisiana. Bossier: 3.2 mi. W, 1.1 mi. N Oakland, el. 160 ft. (3), 09/02/1994, LMH 10719; 5.2 mi. W, 0.5 mi. S Oakland, el. 160 ft. (4), 09/22/1994, LMH 10782; Bodcau Dam, WMA (8), 09/19/1996, LMH 11411; Bodcau WMA, west spillway (8), 09/19/1996, LMH 11428; Caddo: 0.2 mi. W, 2.0 mi. S LSUS campus, el. 158 ft. (16), 08/04/1969, LMH 12686; Shreveport: 1/4 mi. E LSUS campus (13), 10/27/1993, LMH 10202; Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 10/09/1996, LMH 11698; Claiborne: 1.7 mi. W (via LA alt 2) Summerfi eld (60), 07/29/2006, LMH 13259; Grant: 3.8 mi. W, 3.2 mi. S Packton (not mapped), 07/13/1999, LMH 12081; 3.8 mi. W, 3.2 mi. S Packton (not mapped), 07/13/1999, LMH 12080; Red River: 1.9 mi. (via LA 1) N Armistead (49), 07/29/2006, LMH 13226; Winn: 0.6 mi. W, 6.5 mi. S Brewton Mill (31), 07/11/2000, LMH 12398; 4.0 mi. E, 2.0 mi. S Goldonna (35), 06/21/2000, LMH 12273–74; 07/11/2000, LMH 12299; 07/25/2000, LMH 12316; Saline Bayou at LA hwy 121 (39), 07/13/1999, LMH 12072. Argiope trifasciata (Forsskål, 1775) (Banded Garden Spider) — Levi (1968) and Dondale et al. (2003) showed no records for Louisiana. These are the fi rst published records for Louisiana. Bossier: Bodcau WMA, west spillway (8), 09/19/1996, LMH 11430–31; 10/06/1996, LMH 11616. Eustala anastera (Walckenaer, 1842) (Humpbacked Orbweaver) — Dondale et al. (2003) indicate one record for northern (central) Louisiana. These are the fi rst published records for northwestern Louisiana since Banks (1899). Caddo: Shreveport: 1823 S. Brookwood Drive (12), 07/24/1998, LMH 11892; Winn: 0.9 mi. W, 6.5 mi. S Brewton Mill (31), 05/25/2000, LMH 12250, 12254–56. Gasteracantha cancriformis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Spinybacked Orbweaver) — Levi (1978) showed no records for this species in northern Louisiana. This is the fi rst published report for northern Louisiana. Bossier: 3.2 mi. W, 10 Southeastern Naturalist Vol. 9, Monograph No. 2 1.1 mi. N Oakland, el. 210 ft. (3), 09/02/1994, LMH 10720; 4.1 mi. W, 1.1 mi. N Oakland, el. 160 ft. (3), 10/06/1994, LMH 10830; 4.9 mi. W, 1.1 mi. N Oakland, el. 160 ft. (3), 08/26/1994, LMH 10684–85, 10686–89; 5.1 mi. W, 1.5 mi. N Oakland (4), 08/26/1994, LMH 10703. Barksdale Air Force Base (5), 11/28/1995, LMH 11385; Caddo: 2.5 mi. W, 1.0 mi. S Blanchard (11), 10/08/1994, LMH 10854; Linwood Avenue at Caddo–DeSoto parish line [border] (18), 09/11/1996, LMH 11382; Shreveport: 8927 Kingston Road (12), 08/27/1994, LMH 10707; Southern University, Shreveport (19), LMH 10210; Claiborne: 0.1 mi. W (via LA 146) Claiborne–Lincoln parish line [border] (57), LMH 13281; Grant: 3.8 mi. W, 3.2 mi. S Packton (not mapped), 07/13/1999, LMH 12078; Natchitoches: 4.5 mi. E, 1.0 mi. S Ashland (43), 10/02/1999, LMH 12177. Larinioides cornutus (Clerck, 1757) (Furrow Orbweaver) — Dondale et al. (2003) had only two records for the state, both near the extreme eastern edge. These (male and a female) are the first published records for northwestern Louisiana since Banks (1899). Caddo: Shreveport: Cross Lake (12), 09/20/1996, LMH 11419; Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 09/19/1996, LMH 11461. Mecynogea lemniscata (Walckenaer, 1842) (Basilica Orbweaver) — Levi (1980) had only one specimen from northeastern Louisiana. There is no published reference for this species from elsewhere in northern Louisiana. These records are the fi rst published for northwestern Louisiana. Bossier: 1.8 mi. W, 0.7 mi. N spillway of Flag Lake (5), 09/15/1994, LMH 10756; 5.0 mi. W, 1.1 mi. N Flag Lake spillway (5), 09/05/1994, LMH 10725–26; 5.0 mi. W, 1.6 mi. N Oakland, el. 160 ft. (4), 09/02/1994, LMH 10716; Caddo: Shreveport: 1823 S. Brookwood Drive (12), 07/24/1998, LMH 11882; Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 09/18/1996, LMH 11469; Red River: 2.5 mi. S, 3.3 mi. E corner Caddo, Red River, and DeSoto parishes (27), 02/15/1994, LMH 10337. Metepeira labyrinthea (Hentz, 1847) (Labyrinth Orbweaver) — Dondale et al. (2003) showed one record in extreme west-central Louisiana. This is the fi rst published report for northern Louisiana since Banks (1899). Caddo: Eddie D. Jones Nature Park (S Spring Ridge) (20), 06/26/2000, LMH 12289; Claiborne: 0.6 mi. N, 5.8 mi. E Summerfi eld (= jct. FR 902 and FR 922), edge Corney Lake (24), 09/25/2002, LMH 12873. Micrathena mitrata (Hentz, 1850) (White Micrathena) — Levi (1978) showed no records for Louisiana and only one record in eastern Texas. Dondale et al. (2003) showed one record in the Florida parishes of Louisiana. This is the second report for Louisiana and the first published for northern Louisiana. Bienville: 1.0 mi. E Bienville (54), 07/29/2006, LMH 13274–75; Bossier: 0.2 mi. N, 0.4 mi. E Flag Lake spillway, el. 180 ft. (5), 08/26/1994, LMH 10694–95; 4.1 mi. W, 1.1 mi. N Oakland, el. 160 ft. (3), 10/06/1994, LMH 10831; 4.9 mi. W, 1.1 mi. N Oakland, el 160 ft. (3), 08/25/1994, LMH 10669; Caddo: Shreveport: 1/4 mi. E LSUS campus (13), 10/27/1993, LMH 10204; Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 10/19/1993, 2010 L.M. Hardy 11 LMH 10185; 10/09/1996, LMH 11739; 11/16/1994, LMH 10945; Shreveport: 8927 Kingston Road (12), 08/27/1994, LMH 10706; Claiborne: boat launch, 5.4 mi. (by LA 146) W Claiborne–Lincoln parish line (58), 07/29/2006, LMH 13234; Gordon (61), 07/29/2006, LMH 13232; Webster: 0.6 mi. N, 1.3 mi. E Doyline (LAAP) (28), 11/04/1993, LMH 10218; Winn: 3.0 mi. W, 2.2 mi. S Calvin (37), 07/17/1999, LMH 12117, 12119. Micrathena sagittata (Walckenaer, 1842) (Arrowshaped Micrathena) — Several records are known for southern Louisiana (Levi 1978); however, Dondale et al. (2003) showed no records for the northern half of the state, except possibly one record on the Mississippi River. This is the fi rst published report for northwestern Louisiana. Bienville: 0.1 mi. N. Lucky (53), 07/29/2006, LMH 13271; Bossier: 0.2 mi. N, 0.4 mi. E Flag Lake spillway, el. 180 ft. (5), 08/26/1994, LMH 10696; 09/02/1994, LMH 10708; 4.9 mi. W, 1.1 mi. N Oakland (3), 09/09/1994, LMH 10748; 5.4 mi. W Oakland (4), 09/22/1994, LMH 10784; Caddo: 2.5 mi. W, 1.0 mi. S Blanchard (11), 10/06/1977, LMH 12785; Shreveport: 189 Pomeroy Street (13), 07/16/1994, LMH 10647; DeSoto: 3.0 mi. N (by LA 5) Logansport (jct. w/ US 84) (44), 07/29/2006, LMH 13246; taken from another spider (lost) in web, 07/29/2006, LMH 13247; Red River: 1.9 mi. (via LA 1) N Armistead (49), 07/29/2006, LMH 13229; Winn: 4.0 mi. E, 2.0 mi. S Goldonna (35), 06/21/2000, LMH 12279. Neoscona crucifera (Lucas, 1838) (no CN) — This is the fi rst published record for northwestern Louisiana with the possible exception of one record in the southern edge of the region (Bergman and Levi 1971, Dondale et al. 2003). Bienville: 0.8 mi. S (via LA 147) Lincoln-Bienville parish line (56), 07/29/2006, LMH 13266; Bossier: 4.9 mi. W, 1.1 mi. N Oakland (3), 09/29/1994, LMH 10856; 5.3 mi. W (via LA 160) Bossier–Webster parish line (64), 07/29/2006, LMH 13258; Caddo: Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 10/19/1993, LMH 10188; 10/12/2003, LMH 13000; Claiborne: 10.7 mi. W (via LA alt 2) Haynesville (62), 07/29/2006, LMH 13262; DeSoto: 2.1 mi. E (by LA 509) jct. w/US 84 (edge of Mansfi eld) (47), 07/29/2006, LMH 13244, 1.8 mi. E (by US 84) Stanley (46), 07/29/2006, LMH 13245, 3.0 mi. N (by LA 5) Logansport (jct. w/US 84) (44), 07/29/2006, LMH 13249; Red River: 1.9 mi. (via LA 1) N Armistead (49), 07/29/2006, LMH 13230; Webster: 1.3 mi. N (by LA 371) Cotton Valley (63), 07/29/2006, LMH 13242–43. Neoscona domiciliorum (Hentz, 1847) (no CN) — Berman and Levi (1971) showed one locality in Louisiana. This is the fi rst published record for the northern half of the state since Banks (1899). Caddo: Shreveport: B-D Pk (= 0.5 mi. E, 1.0 mi. N LSUS) (13), 10/12/2003, LMH 12991–94, 12996–99. Ocrepeira ectypa (Walckenaer, 1842) (no CN) — This adult female is the first published record of this species for the state of Louisiana since Banks (1899); the species is known from Arkansas, Florida, and Georgia (Levi 1976, as Wixia). Caddo: Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 11/06/1994, LMH 10908. 12 Southeastern Naturalist Vol. 9, Monograph No. 2 Verrucosa arenata (Walckenaer, 1842) (Triangulate Orbweaver) — Known from all surrounding states and from southern Louisiana, but not reported from the northern half of Louisiana (Levi 1976). This is the fi rst published record from northern Louisiana since Banks (1899). Bossier: 0.2 mi. N, 0.4 mi. E Flag Lake spillway (5), 09/02/1994, LMH 10710–11; 1.8 mi. W, 0.7 mi. N spillway of Flag Lake (5), 09/15/1994, LMH 10754– 55; 1.9 mi. N, 2.4 mi. E Flag Lake spillway, el. 275 ft. (5), 10/07/1994, LMH 10850; 4.6 mi. W, 1.5 mi. N Oakland (3), 09/02/1994, LMH 10712– 14; 4.9 mi. W, 1.1 mi. N Oakland (3), 09/29/1994, LMH 10855; Bodcau Reservoir (8), 08/24/1971, LMH 5289; Caddo: Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 09/19/1996, LMH 11400; 10/12/2003, LMH 13009, 13015; Claiborne: 0.1 mi. W (via LA 146) Claiborne–Lincoln parish line (57), 07/29/2006, LMH 13280; DeSoto: 1.2 mi. E (by LA 177) jct. LA 175 and LA 177 (on Butler road) (48), 07/29/2006, LMH 13251; Red River: Red River National Wildlife Refuge (= 1.8 mi. E, 0.2 mi. S Westdale) (27), 10/05/2003, LMH 12983; Winn: 3.0 mi. W, 2.2 mi. S Calvin (37), 07/17/1999, LMH 12118; 4.0 mi. E, 2.0 mi. S Goldonna (35), 07/11/2000, LMH 12298. Zygiella nearctica Gertsch, 1964 (no CN) — Gertsch (1964) reported no records of Z. dispar nor Z. nearctica from Louisiana nor from any of the surrounding states. Levi (1974) repeated the same geographic distribution given by Gertsch (1964). Dondale et al. (2003) do not show any records closer than Colorado and North Carolina. These are the fi rst published records for Louisiana and for much of the mid-west. Grant: 3.8 mi. W, 3.2 mi. S Packton (not mapped), 07/14/1999, LMH 12088; 4.7 mi. W, 4.6 mi. S Packton (not mapped), 07/14/1999, LMH 12095; 4.7 mi. W, 4.6 mi. S Packton (not mapped), 07/14/1999, LMH 12096; Winn: 0.9 mi. W, 6.5 mi. S Brewton Mill (31), 05/25/2000, LMH 12251; 06/06/2000, LMH 12266. Lycosidae Arctosa littoralis (Hentz, 1844) (no CN) — Dondale and Redner (1983a) recorded this species from eastern Texas and western Mississippi, but did not record it from Louisiana. This is the first published record of this species for Louisiana. Winn: 2.5 mi. E, 0.3 mi. N Goldonna (33), 06/16/2000, LMH 12388. Pirata hiteorum Wallace and Exline, 1978 (no CN) — Wallace and Exline (1978) recorded this species from Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Mississippi, but not from Louisiana. This is the first published record of the species from Louisiana. Caddo: Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 09/19/1996, LMH 11462. Rabidosa punctulata (Hentz, 1844) (Dotted Wolf Spider) — Brady and McKinley (1994) recorded this species from Texas, Oklahoma, northern Arkansas, Mississippi, and in southern Louisiana, but not from the northern half of Louisiana. This is the first published record from northern Louisiana. Bossier: Bodcau WMA, west spillway (8), 10/06/1996, LMH 11619, 11623; Webster: 0.4 mi. N, 0.7 mi. W Doyline (LAAP) (28), 11/04/1993, LMH 10221. 2010 L.M. Hardy 13 Rabidosa rabida (Walckenaer, 1837) (Rabid Wolf Spider) — This species is known from Caddo Parish in northwestern Louisiana (Banks 1899, Brady and McKinley 1994) and from southern Louisiana (Bishop and Crosby 1926). These new records from Winn Parish extend the Louisiana distribution into the poorly known central region of the state. Bossier: 1.0 mi. N, 4.6 mi. W Oakland (3), 09/05/1994, LMH 10737; Caddo: Caddo Lake Dam (22), 07/31/1998, LMH 11897; LA hwy 173, 1/4–1/2 mi. W I-220 (66), 07/27/1998, LMH 11896; Shreveport: Joe Covis Street (near MLK and Cooper Road) (66), 07/07/1998, LMH 11865; Winn: 0.9 mi. W, 6.5 mi. S Brewton Mill (31), 10/18/2000, LMH 12350–51; 3.0 mi. W, 2.2 mi. S Calvin (37), 07/17/1999, LMH 12112–13; 4.0 mi. E, 2.0 mi. S Goldonna (35), 07/25/2000, LMH 12325; 08/02/2000, LMH 12407. Schizocosa duplex Chamberlin, 1925 (no CN) — Dondale and Redner (1978a) recorded this species from southwestern Arkansas but not from Louisiana. This is the fi rst published record of this species from Louisiana. Natchitoches: Cloud Crossing on Saline Bayou (41), 05/19/1999, LMH 11949; Winn: 3.8 mi. E, 2.0 mi. S Goldonna (35), 06/16/2000, LMH 12378. Varacosa avara (Keyserling, 1877) (Little Wolf Spider) — This species is widely distributed in the eastern US; however, Brady (1979) had only two records in Louisiana, and he included just the Caddo Parish record (without details) in his list of records. This published record documents the north-central part of the state. Winn: 4.0 mi. E, 2.0 mi. S Goldonna (35), 07/25/2000, LMH 12323. Pisauridae Dolomedes albineus Hentz, 1845 (no CN) — Carico (1973) showed only one Louisiana locality in the southeastern part of the state. This is the fi rst published record of this species in northern Louisiana. Caddo: Shreveport: Cross Lake at Brewster’s Pocket (N side of lake) (19), 10/07/1996, LMH 11659; Winn: 2.4 mi. E, 0.6 mi. N Goldonna (33), 03/17/2000, LMH 12208; 3.0 mi. W, 2.2 mi. S Calvin (37), 07/17/1999, LMH 12114. Dolomedes scriptus Hentz, 1845 (no CN) — This is the fi rst published record for the state; none are shown in Carico (1973). Caddo: Cross Lake at Brewster’s Pocket (N side of lake) (19), 09/20/1996, LMH 11414–18; 10/07/1996, LMH 11658, 11662, 11666; Shreveport: 561 Irving Bluff (12), 06/22/1998, LMH 11839; Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 09/18/1996, LMH 11475–78; Winn: 0.9 mi. W, 6.5 mi. S Brewton Mill (31), 08/09/2000, LMH 12332; Saline Bayou at LA hwy 126 (39), 07/13/1999, LMH 12071. Dolomedes striatus Giebel, 1869 (no CN) — This is the fi rst published record for the state; none are shown in Carico (1973), and the closest records are the northeastern part of the US. Caddo: 2.5 mi. W, 1.0 mi. S Blanchard (11), 10/12/1994, LMH 10869; Shreveport: Cross Lake at Brewster’s Pocket (N side of lake) (19), 10/07/1996, LMH 11665. Dolomedes tenebrosus Hentz, 1844 (Dark Dolomedes) — This species is not known from northern Louisiana, but is known from northern Arkansas, Mississippi, southern Louisiana, and southeastern Texas (Carico 14 Southeastern Naturalist Vol. 9, Monograph No. 2 1973). These fi rst published records represent a range extension of this species into northern Louisiana. Caddo: Shreveport: Cross Lake at Brewster’s Pocket (N side of lake) (19), 10/07/1996, LMH 11660; 2.5 mi. W, 1.0 mi. S Blanchard (= Jacob’s Nature Park) (11), 05/06/2007, LMH 13348; Winn: 4.0 mi. E, 2.0 mi. S Goldonna (35), 07/25/2000, LMH 12314, 12319. Dolomedes triton (Walckenaer, 1837) (Sixspotted Fishing Spider) — Carico (1973) shows several localities in the state, but none in the northwestern corner of the state. This is the fi rst published record for northwestern Louisiana. Caddo: Shreveport: Cross Lake at Brewster’s Pocket (N side of lake) (19), 10/07/1996, LMH 11663. Dolomedes vittatus Walckenaer, 1837 (no CN) — This is the fi rst published record for the state; none is shown in Carico (1973). Winn: 0.9 mi. W, 6.5 mi. S Brewton Mill (31), 07/25/2000, LMH 12324; 4.0 mi. E, 2.0 mi. S Goldonna (35), 07/25/2000, LMH 12326. Pisaurina brevipes (Emerton, 1911) (no CN) — This is the fi rst published record of this species in northern Louisiana. Carico (1972) shows only one Louisiana locality in the extreme southeastern part of the state. The next locality to the north is in northwestern Arkansas. Bossier: Bodcau WMA, west spillway (8), 09/19/1996, LMH 11450. Pisaurina mira (Walckenaer, 1837) (Nursery Web Spider) — This is the fi rst published record of this species in northwestern Louisiana. Carico (1972) showed only one Louisiana locality in the northeastern part of the state. Caddo: Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 11/16/1994, LMH 10942; Winn: 4.0 mi. E, 2.0 mi. S Goldonna (35), 05/16/2000, LMH 12245; 4.5 mi. W, 1.4 mi. N Calvin (35), 08/17/1999, LMH 12141. Oxyopidae Oxyopes scalaris Hentz, 1845 (Western Lynx Spider) — Previously known from one record in central Louisiana (Grant Parish), not known from Arkansas or eastern Texas (only one record in Llano County, TX; Brady 1964). This second published record is north of Grant Parish and is the fi rst for northwestern Louisiana. Winn: 5.2 mi. E, 3.8 mi. S Goldonna (34), 07/25/2000, LMH 12415. Peucetia viridans (Hentz, 1832) (Green Lynx Spider) — Brady (1964) recorded this species from the west-central part of the state. These fi rst published records for northwestern Louisiana since Banks (1899) document Bossier and Winn parishes and extend the geographic distribution more into central Louisiana. Bossier: 0.6 mi. S, 1.1 mi. W Flag Lake spillway, 152 ft. (5), 10/28/1994, LMH 10894; 1.0 mi. N, 4.6 mi. W Oakland (3), 09/05/1994, LMH 10739–40; 2.0 mi. W, 0.8 mi. N Oakland (3), 09/22/1994, LMH 10771; 2.2 mi. W, 1.8 mi. N Oakland (3), 09/22/1994, LMH 10767; 2.6 mi. E, 0.6 mi. S Koran (67), 08/21/1971, LMH 5260; 3.7 mi. N, 3.2 mi. E Redland (68), 09/02/1978, LMH 8632; Bodcau WMA, west spillway (8), 10/27/1996, LMH 11738; Bossier City (6), 10/01/1986, LMH 9486; Caddo: N of Wallace Lake on Wallace Lake Road (2), 09/27/1981, LWC 208; Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 09/19/1996, LMH 11464; Winn: 0.9 mi. W, 6.5 mi. S Brewton 2010 L.M. Hardy 15 Mill (31), 06/06/2000, LMH 12264; 4.5 mi. W, 1.4 mi. N Calvin (35), 08/17/1999, LMH 12142; 4.0 mi. E, 2.0 mi. S Goldonna (35), 07/24/2000, LMH 12402. Agelenidae Agelenopsis naevia (Walckenaer, 1842) (Dark Funnel Spider) — Chamberlin and Ivie (1941) included only New Orleans in their list of known localities for this common species. These are the fi rst published records for northern Louisiana since Banks (1899). Bossier: 0.1 mi. E, 0.3 mi. S Flag Lake spillway (5), 09/05/1994, LMH 10728; 0.2 mi. N, 0.4 mi. E Flag Lake spillway (5), 08/26/1994, LMH 10699; 0.4 mi. S, 0.1 mi. E Flag Lake spillway (5), 09/23/1994, LMH 10806; 10/18/1994, LMH 10873; 2.4 mi. E, 0.5 mi. N Flag Lake spillway (5), 09/05/1994, LMH 10723; 5.0 mi. W, 1.6 mi. N Oakland, el. 160 ft. (4), 09/02/1994, LMH 10717; 5.4 mi. W Oakland (4), 09/22/1994, LMH 10785; Bossier City: Viking Drive at I-220 (6), 07/18/1998, LMH 11871; Caddo: Shreveport: 1/4 mi. E LSUS campus (13), 10/27/1993, LMH 10201; Claiborne: 0.6 mi. N, 5.8 mi. E Summerfi eld (= jct. FR 902 and FR 922, edge Corney L) (24), 09/25/2002, LMH 12870, 12875, 12877; DeSoto: S shore Wallace Lake, near dam (26), 09/19/1996, LMH 11426; Natchitoches: 4.5 mi. E, 1.0 mi. S Ashland (43), 10/02/1999, LMH 12180; Webster: 0.4 mi. N, 0.7 mi. W Doyline (28), 11/04/1993, LMH 10212; 2.1 mi. N, 1.8 mi. W Doyline (LAAP) (28), 11/04/1993, LMH 10211; Winn: 0.9 mi. W, 6.5 mi. S Brewton Mill (31), 06/22/2000, LMH 12285; 10/19/2000, LMH 12357, 12360, 12363; 3.9 mi. S, 2.1 mi. W Brewton Mill (38), 05/19/1999, LMH 11952; 2.5 mi. E, 0.3 mi. N Goldonna (33), 06/30/2000, LMH 12389. Titanoecidae Titanoeca americana Emerton, 1888 (no CN) — According to Leech (1972), this species has not been reported for Louisiana. This is the fi rst published record for the state. Leech (1972) listed one specimen of T. nigrella (Chamberlin, 1919) (no CN) from Grant Parish; however, all other specimens are from western states. It is possible that Leech’s specimen was T. americana. Caddo: Shreveport: 170 Oak Ridge Drive (12), 03/11/1995, LMH 11324. Miturgidae Cheiracanthium inclusum (Hentz, 1847) (Agrarian Sac Spider) — Edwards (1958) listed Shreveport in northwestern Louisiana and several records in the southern part of the state. This published record confi rms a more extensive distribution in northern Louisiana. Winn: 0.9 mi. W, 6.5 mi. S Brewton Mill (31), 06/06/2000, LMH 12262. Corinnidae Phrurotimpus borealis (Emerton, 1911) (Boreal Sac Spider) — Chamberlin and Ivie (1935) listed no localities for this species. There is little detailed information on the geographic distribution of this species even though it is thought to be widespread (Roth 1994); this is the fi rst known 16 Southeastern Naturalist Vol. 9, Monograph No. 2 locality published for northwestern Louisiana. Caddo: Shreveport: LSUS campus (13), 11/04/1994, LMH 10903. Trachelas tranquillus (Hentz, 1847) (Broadfaced Sac Spider) — Platnick and Shadab (1974) did not include Louisiana in the geographic distribution of this species. This is the fi rst published record of T. tranquillus for Louisiana and the southernmost record for the species. Caddo: Shreveport: 1823 S. Brookwood Drive (12), 10/20/1993, LMH 10191; 10/18/1993, LMH 10176; 11/08/2000, LMH 12364; Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 11/16/2000, LMH 10939. Gnaphosidae Gnaphosa sericata (L. Koch, 1866) (no CN) — This species is known from Mississippi, southern Arkansas, and east-central Texas, but not from Louisiana by Platnick and Shadab (1975a). This is the fi rst published record for Louisiana since Banks (1899). Winn: 3.8 mi. E, 2.0 mi. S Goldonna (35), 06/16/2000, LMH 12384. Trachyzelotes lyonneti (Audouin, 1826) (no CN) — This species was recorded from north-central Texas, but not from Louisiana by Platnick and Murphy (1984). This is the fi rst published record of this species from Louisiana. Caddo: Keithville, 9901 Woodbriar (18), 10/25/1996, LMH 11736; Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 04/12/2003, LMH 12915; Natchitoches: Cloud Crossing Camp, KNF (41), 06/11/1999, LMH 12066, 12068. Thomisidae Bassaniana versicolor (Keyserling, 1880) (no CN) — The species has been recorded from central and northeastern Louisiana (Bowling and Sauer 1975). This is the fi rst published record for northwestern Louisiana. Bossier: Bodcau WMA, west spillway (8), 09/19/1996, LMH 11449. Mecaphesa asperata (Hentz, 1847) (Bristly Flower Spider) — Only one specimen was known from Louisiana (in the southern part) according to Gertsch (1939). These are the fi rst specifi c localities published from northern Louisiana. Bossier: 0.9 mi. E, 1.8 mi. N Flag Lake spillway (5), 09/05/1994, LMH 10733, 10735; 3.6 mi. W, 1.7 mi. N Oakland, el. 170 ft. (3), 10/06/1994, LMH 10825; 4.7 mi. W, 0.1 mi. N Oakland, el. 160 ft. (3), 09/23/1994, LMH 10800; 09/24/1994, LMH 10810, 10812; 5.0 mi. W, 0.5 mi. N Oakland, el. 160 ft. (4), 09/24/1994, LMH 10819–21. Misumena vatia (Clerck, 1757) (Goldenrod Crab Spider) — Gertsch (1939) did not record this species (as M. calycina) from Louisiana. This is the fi rst published record for Louisiana. Bossier: Bodcau WMA, west spillway (8), 09/19/1996, LMH 11429, 11446–47; Red River: 6.0 mi. W, 1.0 mi. S Howard (27), 08/19/2006, LMH 13288; Webster: 0.6 mi. N, 1.3 mi. E Doyline (28), 11/04/1993, LMH 10214. Misumenoides formosipes (Walckenaer) (Whitebanded Crab Spider) — Gertsch (1939) listed no records for this species (under Misumena calycina = Micumena vatia) from Louisiana. This is a widespread species but I know of no records from Louisiana. I have not been able to identify M. spinosa Keys. 2010 L.M. Hardy 17 or M. oblonga Keys., both cited by Banks (1899). According to Dondale and Redner (1978b), two species are in North America (perhaps including Mexico). Platnick (2009) lists only M. formosipes in the US. The Nearctic Spider Database (2009) does not include Louisiana in the geographic distribution of this species. This is the fi rst published record for Louisiana. Bossier: Bodcau WMA, west spillway (8), 09/19/1996, LMH 11427. Ozyptila americana Banks, 1895 (no CN) — Known from extreme northeastern Arkansas and from eastern Texas, but no records are known from Louisiana (Dondale and Redner 1975). This is the first published record of this species from Louisiana. This record fills a gap between the main distribution to the northeast and the two records in eastern Texas. Natchitoches: Cloud Crossing Camp, Kisatchie National Forest (41), 06/16/1999, LMH 12049. Ozyptila monroensis Keyserling, 1884 (Monroe Crab Spider) — Known from extreme southern Arkansas, but no records are known from Louisiana (Dondale and Redner 1975). This is the fi rst published record of this species from Louisiana. This record fi lls a gap between the main distribution to the northeast and the single record in southwestern Texas. Natchitoches: Cloud Crossing Camp, Kisatchie National Forest (41), 06/16/1999, LMH 12047–48. Synema parvulum (Hentz, 1847) (no CN) — Banks (1899) reported this species for Louisiana, but gave no specific locations. No other localities are listed in Gertsch (1939). These are the first specific localities published for Louisiana. Bossier: 3.6 mi. W, 1.7 mi. N Oakland, el. 170 ft. (3), 10/06/1994, LMH 10827; Grant: 3.8 mi. W, 3.2 mi. S Packton (not mapped), 07/18/1999, LMH 12083. Salticidae Eris fl ava (Peckham and Peckham, 1888) (no CN) — Maddison (1986) recorded this species in coastal Louisiana. This is the fi rst published record for northern Louisiana. Bossier: 4.7 mi. W, 0.1 mi. N Oakdale (3), 9/24/1994, LMH 10816; Caddo: Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 10/19/1993, LMH 10189; 6/7/2007 CMI 53; Shreveport: 1823 S. Brookwood Drive (12), 7/24/1998, LMH 11881; Shreveport: LSUS campus (13), LMH 12953. Eris militaris (Hentz, 1845) (Bronze Jumper) — Maddison (1986) recorded this species from southwestern Arkansas, but not from northern Louisiana. This is the first published record for northern Louisiana. LMH 11880, 12865, 12881, and 12896 are adult males with the retrolateral base of the embolus smooth. Caddo: Shreveport: 11142 Parkside Drive (16), 09/07/1968, LMH 3933; 03/18/1969, LMH 3973; Shreveport: 1823 S. Brookwood Drive (12), 07/24/1998, LMH 11880; 10/13/2002, LMH 12896; Claiborne: 0.6 mi. N, 5.8 mi. E Summerfield (24), 09/25/2002, LMH 12865, 12881. Hentzia palmarum (Hentz, 1832) (no CN) — Richman (1989) reported only two specimens of this rare species from Louisiana (1 out of 64 salticids studied from East Baton Rouge and Iberville parishes). This is the fi rst 18 Southeastern Naturalist Vol. 9, Monograph No. 2 published record from northern Louisiana. Caddo: Shreveport: 1823 S. Brookwood Drive (12), 10/19/1993, LMH 10182. Lyssomanes viridis (Walckenaer, 1837) (Magnolia Green Jumper) — Peckham and Peckham (1909) reported this species from Louisiana, Alabama, and Texas, but without distribution details. These are the fi rst specifi c localities published for Louisiana. Bossier: 0.7 mi. E, 1.0 mi. N Flag Lake spillway (5), 10/27/1994, LMH 10885; Caddo: Shreveport: 1823 S. Brookwood Drive (12), 10/21/1994, LMH 10882. Neon nelli Peckham and Peckham, 1888 (no CN) — This species is not in Louisiana according to Gertsch and Ivie (1955). This is the fi rst published record for Louisiana. Bossier: 3.6 mi. W, 1.7 mi. N Oakland, el. 170 ft (3), 10/06/1994, LMH 10826, 10828. Paradamoetus fontanus (Levi, 1951) (no CN) — This species was known only from Minnesota and Wisconsin in the United States (Cutler 1981) and is in the Red River/Mississippi drainage. This is the fi rst published record of the genus in Louisiana. Red River: Bayou Pierre WMA (= 1.4 mi. W, 4.3 mi. S La Chute) (27), 11/24/1993, LMH 10228. Phidippus audax (Hentz, 1845) (Bold Jumper) — Edwards (2004) documented several records in Louisiana; however, these are the first published records for northwestern Louisiana since Banks (1899). Caddo: 5.6 mi. E Greenwood (via LA 511) at KOA ponds, el. 244 ft. (69), 08/26/1976, PJB 917; Shreveport: 1/4 mi. E LSUS campus (13), 10/27/1993, LMH 10199; Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 09/19/1996, LMH 11408; 10/04/2001, LMH 12472. Phidippus otiosus (Hentz, 1846) (no CN) — Edwards (2004) showed two records in Louisiana; this is the fi rst published record for northwestern Louisiana. Caddo: Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 10/19/1993, LMH 10184. Plexippus paykulli (Audouin, 1826) (Pantropical Jumper) — This introduced and widespread species (Edwards 1979a) was expected in our area. This is the fi rst published record for Louisiana. Caddo: Lock and Dam # 5 on Red River (70), 09/16/1998, LMH 11905. Sarinda hentzi (Banks, 1913) (no CN) — Banks (1899) listed this species (as Salticus albocinctus Koch) from the vicinity of Shreveport. Galiano (1965) reported a single immature male from Shreveport, possibly the same specimen reported by Banks. This is the second published record for Louisiana. Bossier: Haughton (9011 hwy 157) (9), 06/30/1904, LMH 13046. Sassacus cyanus (Hentz, 1846) (no CN) — Peckham and Peckham (1909) did not report this species from Louisiana. This is the fi rst published record for Louisiana. Bossier: 2.9 mi. E, 0.8 mi. S Flag Lake spillway (5), 10/28/1994, LMH 10891. Synageles noxiosus (Hentz, 1850) (no CN) — This is the only species of Synageles known from Louisiana; however, Synageles bishopi is known from Mississippi, southeastern Texas, and extreme northern Arkansas (Cutler 1987). Cutler (1987) had one specimen from Caddo Parish. Caddo: Shreveport: 1823 S. Brookwood Drive (carport) (12), 07/24/1998, LMH 11891. 2010 L.M. Hardy 19 Thiodina puerpera (Hentz, 1846) (Hentz Jumper) — This is the fi rst published record for Louisiana. The species in known from Texas and Oklahoma (Richman and Vetter 2004). Bossier: 3.6 mi. W, 1.7 mi. N Oakland (3), 09/23/1994, LMH 10804. Thiodina sylvana (Hentz, 1846) (no CN) — This is the fi rst published record for Louisiana. This species is known from Texas and Mississippi (Richman and Vetter, 2004). Bossier: 0.1 mi. E, 0.3 mi. S Flag Lake spillway (5), 09/05/1994, LMH 10729; 3.6 mi. W, 1.7 mi. N Oakland (3), 09/22/1994, LMH 10791; Caddo: Shreveport: Motel 6 on Monkhouse Drive (12), 10/08/1996, LMH 11694; Shreveport: B-D Park (13), 11/16/1994, LMH 10946; Keithville (18), 10/25/1996, LMH 11737). Zygoballus sexpunctatus (Hentz, 1845) (no CN) — Peckham and Peckham (1909) included Louisiana in the geographic distribution of this southern species, but they gave no details. This is the fi rst specifi c locality published for this species in Louisiana. Bossier: 0.4 mi. S, 0.1 mi. E Flag Lake spillway (5), 09/23/1994, LMH 10807. Discussion Fifty species of amphibians and reptiles (Conant and Collins 1998) have geographic distribution boundaries (usually the western edge or the eastern edge) within about 100 miles of the Texas–northwestern Louisiana border. There are also 36 species of mammals (Wilson and Ruff 1999), 50 species of birds (Dunn and Alderfer 2006), 47 species of butterfl ies (Glassberg 1999), and 51 species of dragonfl ies (Dunkle 2000) with distributional boundaries in that area. Within this group of 234 species, most demonstrate an eastern or western distributional boundary within that ecotone; however, some demonstrate a distributional boundary between the Interior Highlands to the north and the West Gulf Coastal Plain (Tertiary uplands) to the south. Some species (i.e., Geomys breviceps Baird [Baird’s Pocket Gopher]) have geographical distributions almost entirely within the West Gulf Coastal Plain. The habitat of northwestern Louisiana has changed drastically during the last 200 years. The Freeman and Custis expedition up the Red River in 1806 found huge expanses of red cedar that are now gone (B.H. MacRoberts and M. MacRoberts 2008, M. MacRoberts and B.H. MacRoberts 2008, MacRoberts et al. 1997). Even though we have some information about changes in our knowledge of the faunas for fi sh (Douglas and Hoover 2008), amphibians and reptiles (Hardy 2008), birds (Ingold 2008), mammals (McPherson 2008), and mussels (Vidrine 2008), nothing is known of the spider fauna from that period of time. The earliest reference for the spiders of the area of northwestern Louisiana is a paper by Nathan Banks (1899) on a collection from the vicinity of Shreveport, essentially consisting of a list. Of the 129 species he reported, more than 60 are valid today, the remainder have been synonymized. The currently valid species include about 40 species still recognized as the same species epithet used by Banks and another 20 or more species recognized today under different taxonomy. In this report, 31 species are listed as either new records for northwestern 20 Southeastern Naturalist Vol. 9, Monograph No. 2 Louisiana or as only the second record after a 109-year hiatus between Banks (1899) and now. Gertsch (1953) reported three species from northwestern Louisiana that were not mentioned by Banks (1899). This report includes many species neither reported by Banks (1899) nor by Gertsch (1953). Bishop and Crosby (1926) contributed an important paper dealing with the southeastern United States, mostly North Carolina and Georgia. They listed 15 species from southern Louisiana, of which six species are discussed herein. The geographic distributions of spiders are very incompletely known. Local distributions are often too imprecise (state only or parish/county only) to be of much value for determination of an accurate geographic distribution. In order for spider biogeography to take its rightful place in broad biogeographic analyses, this practice must improve. Precise geographic distributions cannot be known without accurate locations of individuals of a species, and must be known before generalizations can be effectively made regarding the biogeography of any region. As details are assembled, a more refi ned geographic distribution can be determined, eventually leading to more accurate understanding of geographic relations within groups and the resolution of biogeographic patterns. Localities of individuals should be precise enough to allow correlation with topography, plant distributions, geology, and local climatic conditions. Systematic revisions usually include suffi cient detail on distributions; however, the information is rarely updated (often 50–100+ years passes between revisions of a group). Spiders are not commonly recognized as indicators of the western Temperate Grassland/eastern Deciduous Forest discontinuity because of the paucity of precise distributional data and biogeographic analyses. However, the following species pairs clearly suggest the presence of a transition zone: Habrocestum acerbum and H. pulex (Richman 1981:Maps 1, 2), Trochosa gosiuta and T. avara (Brady 1979:Map 2), and Lycosa retenta and L. lenta (Wallace 1942:Fig. 26). Also, the western edge of the following species’ geographic distributions are in the transition zone: Zora pumila (Corey and Mott 1991:Map 1), Spintharus fl avidus (Levi 1963d:Map 1), and Theridion fl avonotatum (Levi 1957b:Map 9). Lack of data leads to misconceptions. A species common in one area (because of a high population density) is often assumed to be common everywhere, even though some localities might actually contain populations with a very low density. There are thousands of examples of species with high population densities in some areas and very low population densities in other areas. With suffi cient accurate data, all species should show low population densities at the edges of their geographic distributions, thus allowing the identifi cation of the edge of the geographic distribution. This delineation should be the aim of all biogeographers. Summary and Conclusions This paper reports the occurrence of 36 species of spiders in Louisiana for the fi rst time, including some genera new to the spider fauna of the state. 2010 L.M. Hardy 21 An additional 20 species are reported for the fi rst time for the northern half of the state and another 19 species for the fi rst time in the northwestern parishes. The 83 species reported here are in 65 genera and 24 families. Many families are unrepresented in this report either because their geographic distributions are better known (Theraphosidae) or because there is too little information. The total numbers of species verifi ed by museum specimens is 120 (Appendix 1). Another 199 species are listed in Appendix 1 as expected to occur in northwestern Louisiana and represent a conservative estimate based on published geographic distributions of adjacent areas. The Linyphiidae and Theridiidae are very poorly known in Louisiana, and their study will result in additional discoveries. The spider fauna of Louisiana is far from completely known, and there will probably be other additions in most of the families mentioned here. Acknowledgments I thank several arachnologists who have helped me obtain critical papers, loaned specimens, or helped with some identifi cations: Norman Platnick (American Museum of Natural History), C.D. Dondale, J.H. Redner, E. Liner, P. Meliotis (for lending me a rare book), S. Marshall (NWSU), G.B. Edwards, and many others who have helped with collections. I thank A.C. Lewis for reviewing the manuscript. Literature Cited Archer, A.F. 1953. Studies in the orbweaving spiders (Argiopidae). American Museum Novitates (1622):1–27. 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The American spider genera Spintharus and Thwaitesia (Araneae: Theridiidae). Psyche 70:223–234. Levi, H.W. 1964. American spiders of the genus Phoroncidia (Araneae: Theridiidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 131(3):65–86. Levi, H.W. 1966. American spider genera Theridula and Paratheridula (Araneae: Theridiidae). Psyche 73:123–130. Levi, H.W. 1967. Cosmopolitan and pantropical species of theridiid spiders (Araneae: Theridiidae). Pacifi c Insects 9(2):175–186. Levi, H.W. 1968. The spider genera Gea and Argiope in America (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 136(9):319–352. 26 Southeastern Naturalist Vol. 9, Monograph No. 2 Levi, H.W. 1971a. The diadematus group of the orb-weaver genus Araneus north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 141(4):131–179. Levi, H.W. 1971b. The orb-weaver genera Singa and Hypsosinga in America (Araneae: Araneidae). Psyche 78(4):229–256. Levi, H.W. 1973. Small orb-weavers of the genus Araneus north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 145(9):473–552. Levi, H.W. 1974. The orb-weaver genus Zygiella (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 146(5):267–290. Levi, H.W. 1976. The orb-weaver genera Verrucosa, Acanthepeira, Wagneriana, Acacesia, Wixia, Scoloderus, and Alpaida north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 147(8):351–391. Levi, H.W. 1977. The American orb-weaver genera Cyclosa, Metazygia and Eustala north of Mexico (Araneae, Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 148(3):61–127. Levi, H.W. 1978. The American orb-weaver genera Colphepeira, Micrathena and Gasteracantha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 148(9):417–442. Levi, H.W. 1980. The orb-weaver genus Mecynogea, the subfamily Metinae, and the genera Pachygnatha, Glenognatha and Azilia of the subfamily Tetragnathinae north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 149(1):1–74. Levi, H.W. 1981. The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 149(5):271–318. Levi, H.W. 2003. The bolas spiders of the genus Mastophora (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 157(5):309–382. Levi, H.W., and D.E. Randolph. 1975. A key and checklist of American spiders of the family Theridiidae north of Mexico (Araneae). Journal of Arachnology 3:31–51. MacRoberts, B.H., and M. MacRoberts. 2008. Plant ecology and phytogeography of the West Gulf Coastal Plain: An overview. Louisiana State University in Shreveport, Bulletin of the Museum of Life Sciences 14:7–28. MacRoberts, D.T., B.H. MacRoberts, and M.H. MacRoberts. 1997. A fl oristic and ecological interpretation of the Freeman and Custis Red River Expedition of 1806. Louisiana State University in Shreveport, Bulletin of the Museum of Life Sciences 12:1–26. MacRoberts, M., and B.H. MacRoberts. 2003. The east–west transition of the fl ora of Texas: A biogeographic analysis. Sida, Contributions to Botany 20(4):1693–1700. MacRoberts, M., and B.H. MacRoberts. 2008. West Gulf Coastal Plain botanical ecology: Ice age to present. Louisiana State University in Shreveport, Bulletin of the Museum of Life Sciences 14:55–80. Maddison, W. 1986. Distinguishing the jumping spiders Eris militaris and Eris fl ava in North America (Araneae: Salticidae). Psyche 93:141–149. Maddison, W.P. 1996. Pelegrina Franganillo and other jumping spiders formerly placed in the genus Metaphidippus (Araneae: Salticidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 154:215–368. McCrone, J.D., and H.W. Levi. 1964. North American widow spiders of the Latrodectus curacaviensis group (Araneae: Theridiidae). Psyche 71:12–27. McPherson, B.H. 2008. The dynamics of Louisiana’s past and present mammalian fauna, in relation to the Freeman and Custis expedition of 1806. Louisiana State University in Shreveport, Bulletin of the Museum of Life Sciences 14:233–248. 2010 L.M. Hardy 27 Millidge, A.F. 1984. The Erigonine spiders of North America. Part 7, Miscellaneous genera (Araneae, Linyphiidae). Journal of Arachnology 12:121–169. Muma, M.H. 1946. North American Agelenidae of the genus Coras Simon. American Museum Novitates (1329):1–20. Muma, M.H., and W.J. Gertsch. 1964. The spider family Uloboridae in North America north of Mexico. American Museum Novitates (2196):1–43. Nearctic Spider Database. 2009. Available online at http://www.canadianarachnology. org/data/spiders/. Accessed January 2010. Opell, B.D. 1979. Revision of the genera and tropical American species of the spider family Uloboridae. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 148(10):443–549. Opell, B.D., and J.A. Beatty. 1976. The Nearctic Hahniidae (Arachnida: Araneae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 147:393–433. Peck, W.B. 1981. The Ctenidae of temperate zone North America. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 170:157–169. Peckham, G.W., and E. Peckham. 1909. Revision of the Attidae of North America. Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 41, Part 1 (5):355–646, pls. 29–51. Platnick, N.I. 1974. The spider family Anyphaenidae in America north of Mexico. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 146(4):205–266. Platnick, N.I. 1975. A revision of the Holarctic spider genus Callilepis (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). American Museum Novitates (2573):1–32. Platnick, N.I. 2009. The world spider catalog, version 11.0. American Museum of Natural History. Available online at http://research.amnh.org/iz/spiders/catalog/ intro2.html. Accessed 17 August 2010. Platnick, N.I., and J.A. Murphy. 1984. A revision of the spider genera Trachyzelotes and Urozelotes (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). American Museum Novitates (2792):1–30. Platnick, N.I., and M.U. Shadab. 1974. A revision of the tranquillus and speciosus groups of the spider genus Trachelas (Araneae: Clubionidae) in north and central America. American Museum Novitates (2553):1–34. Platnick, N.I., and M.U. Shadab. 1975a. A revision of the spider genus Gnaphosa (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) in America. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 155(1):1–66. Platnick, N.I., and M.U. Shadab. 1975b. A revision of the spider genera Haplodrassus and Orodrassus (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) in North America. American Museum Novitates (2583):1–40. Platnick, N.I., and M.U. Shadab. 1976a. A revision of the spider genera Rachodrassus, Sosticus, and Scopodes (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) in North America. American Museum Novitates (2594):1–33. Platnick, N.I., and M.U. Shadab. 1976b. A revision of the spider genera Drassodes and Tivodrassus (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) in North America. American Museum Novitates (2593):1–29. Platnick, N.I., and M.U. Shadab. 1977. A revision of the spider genera Herpyllus and Scotophaeus (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) in North America. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 159(1):1–44. Platnick, N.I., and M.U. Shadab. 1980a. A revision of the North American spider genera Nodocion, Litopyllus, and Synaphosus (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). American Museum Novitates (2691):1–26. Platnick, N.I., and M.U. Shadab. 1980b. A revision of the spider genus Cesonia (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 165(4):335–386. 28 Southeastern Naturalist Vol. 9, Monograph No. 2 Platnick, N.I., and M.U. Shadab. 1983. A revision of the American spiders of the genus Zelotes (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 174(2):97–192. Reiskind, J. 1969. The spider subfamily Castianeirinae of North and Central America (Araneae, Clubionidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 138(5):163–325. Richman, D.B. 1981. A revision of the genus Habrocestrum (Araneae, Salticidae) in North America. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 170(1):197–206. Richman, D.B. 1989. A revision of the genus Hentzia (Araneae, Salticidae). Journal of Arachnology 17:285–344. Richman, D.B. 2008. Revision of the jumping spider genus Sassacus (Araneae, Salticidae, Dendryphantinae) in North America. Journal of Arachnology 36:26–48. Richman, D.B., and R.S. Vetter. 2004. A review of the spider genus Thiodina (Araneae, Salticidae) in the United States. Journal of Arachnology 32:418–431. Roth, V.D. 1968. The spider genus Tegenaria in the western hemisphere (Agelenidae). American Museum Novitates (2323):1–33. Roth, V.D. 1988. American Agelenidae and some misidentifi ed spiders (Clubionidae, Oonopidae and Sparassidae) of E. Simon in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturalle. Bulletin Muséum National Histoire Naturalle, Paris, 4th Series 10(A[1]):25–77. Roth, V.D. 1994. Spider Genera of North America with Keys to Families and Genera, and a Guide to Literature. Third Edition. American Arachnological Society, Gainesville, FL. 203 pp. Schick, R.X. 1965. The crab spiders of California (Araneida, Thomisidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 129(1):1–180. Shear, W.A. 1970. The spider family Oecobiidae in North America, Mexico, and the West Indies. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 140(4):129–164. Stein, B.A., L.S. Kutner, and J.S. Adams. 2000. Precious Heritage. The Status of Biodiversity in the United States. Oxford University Press, New York, NY. 399 pp. Ubick, D., P. Paquin, P.E. Cushing, and V. Roth (Eds.). 2005. Spiders of North America: An Identifi cation Manual. American Arachnological Society. Available online at www.americanarachnology.org. 377 pp. Vidrine, M. 2008. The Mollusca of the Freeman and Custis expedition of 1806: Mollusks (emphasis on mussels and associated parasites) of the Red River drainages. Louisiana State University in Shreveport, Bulletin of the Museum of Life Sciences 14:111–148. Vogel, B.R. 2004. A review of the spider genera Pardosa and Acantholycosa (Araneae, Lycosidae) of the 48 contiguous United States. Journal of Arachnology 32:55–108. Walckenaer, C.A. 1837. Histoire Naturelle des Insects. Aptères. Paris, I:1–682. [reprinted by Nabu Press, Berlin, Germany]. Wallace, H.K. 1942. A study of the lenta group of the genus Lycosa, with descriptions of new species (Araneae, Lycosidae). American Museum Novitates (1185):1–21. Wallace, H.K., and H. Exline. 1978. Spiders of the genus Pirata in North America, Central America and the West Indies (Araneae: Lycosidae). Journal of Arachnology 5:1–112. Wilson, D.E., and S. Ruff. 1999. The Smithsonian Book of North American Mammals. Smithsonial Institution Press, Washington, DC. 750 pp. Young, O.P., and G.B. Edwards. 1990. Spiders in United States fi eld crops and their potential effect on crop pests. Journal of Arachnology 18:1–27. 2010 L.M. Hardy 29 Appendix 1. The known and expected spider fauna (n = 319 Species) of northwestern Louisiana. The sequence of families and the taxonomy follows the taxonomic order in the World Spider Catalog, version 9.5. Bold type = species collected and verifi ed (n = 120); all others are based on literature records or are hypothetical, based on known geographic distributions that include, or would include, northwestern Louisiana. References for unverifi ed species are listed under Evidence for inclusion. Vague statements of geographic distribution such as “eastern North America” were not suffi cient for inclusion. A few species, marked with an asterisk (*), are probably in the area but I have not seen specimen or literature verifi cation. NSD = Nearctic Spider Database 2009; no CN = no common name. Family Species Evidence for inclusion Atypidae Sphodros fi tchi Gertsch and Platnick, 1980 (no CN) Sphodros rufi pes (Latreille, 1829) (American Redlegged Purseweb Spider) Cyrtaucheniidae Myrmekiaphila comstocki Bishop and Crosby, 1926 (no CN) Ctenizidae Ummidia audouini (Lucas, 1835) (no CN) Theraphosidae Aphonopelma hentzi (Girard, 1852) (Texas Brown Tarantula) Filistatidae Kukulcania hibernalis (Hentz, 1842) (Southern House Spider) Sicariidae Loxosceles reclusa Gertsch and Mulaik, 1940 (Brown Recluse) Loxosceles rufescens (Dufour, 1820) (Mediterranean Recluse) Gertsch and Ennik 1983 Scytodidae Scytodes thoracica (Latreille, 1802) (no CN) Pholcidae Crossopriza lyoni (Blackwall, 1867) (no CN) Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775) (Longbodied Cellar Spider) Gertsch and Mulaik 1940 Physocyclus globosus (Taczanowski, 1874) (no CN) Brignoli 1981 Psilochorus pullulus (Hentz, 1850) (Humped Cellar Spider) Gertsch and Mulaik 1940 Spermophora senoculata (Dugès, 1836) (Shortbodied Cellar Spider) Banks 1899 Segestriidae Ariadna bicolor (Hentz, 1842) (no CN) Dysderidae Dysdera crocata C.L. Koch, 1838 (no CN) Gertsch and Mulaik 1940 Oonopidae Triaeris stenaspis Simon, 1891 (no CN) Mimetidae Mimetus sp. Oecobiidae Oecobius annulipes Lucas, 1846 (no CN) Oecobius cellariorum (Dugès, 1836) (no CN) 30 Southeastern Naturalist Vol. 9, Monograph No. 2 Family Species Evidence for inclusion Uloboridae Hyptiotes cavatus (Hentz, 1847) (Triangle Weaver) Octonoba sinensis (Simon, 1880) (no CN) Opell 1979 Uloborus glomosus (Walckenaer, 1842) (Featherlegged Orbweaver) Nesticidae Eidmanella pallida (Emerton, 1875) (no CN) Gaucelmus augustinus Keyserling, 1884 (no CN) Gertsch 1984 Theridiidae Anelosimus studiosus (Hentz 1850) (no CN) Levi 1956 Argyrodes elevatus Taczanowski, 1873 (no CN) Asagena americana Emerton, 1882 (no CN) Levi 1957a Asagena fulva (Keyserling, 1882) (no CN) Gertsch 1960 Chrysso albomaculata O.P.-Cambridge, 1882 (no CN) Levi 1962b Crustulina altera Gertsch and Archer, 1942 (Crescent Spider) Levi 1957a Crustulina sticta (O.P.-Cambridge, 1861) (no CN) Levi 1957a Cryptachaea porteri (Banks, 1896) (no CN) Levi 1963c Dipoena nigra (Emerton, 1882) (no CN) Levi 1963b Enoplognatha marmorata (Hentz, 1850) (Marbled Cobweb Spider) Levi 1957b Hentziectypus conjunctus (Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936) (no CN) Levi 1955b Hentziectypus globosus (Hentz, 1850) (no CN) Levi 1963c Latrodectus mactans (Fabricius, 1775) (Southern Black Widow) Latrodectus variolus Walckenaer, 1837 (Northern Black Widow) Parasteatoda tepidariorum (C.L. Koch, 1841) (Common House Spider) Paratheridula perniciosa (Keyserling, 1886) (no CN) Levi 1966 Phoroncidia americana (Emerton, 1882) (Twinspotted Combfoot) Levi 1964 Rhomphaea projiciens O.P.-Cambridge, 1896 (no CN) Spintharus fl avidus Hentz, 1850 (no CN) Levi 1954b Steatoda grossa (C.L. Koch, 1838) (False Black Widow) Levi 1962a Steatoda quadrimaculata (O.P.-Cambridge, 1896) (no CN) Levi 1957a Steatoda triangulosa (Walckenaer, 1802) (Triangulate Combfoot) Levi 1962a Theridion albidum Banks, 1895 (no CN) Levi 1957b 2010 L.M. Hardy 31 Family Species Evidence for inclusion Theridiidae, cont. Theridion austral Banks, 1899 (no CN) Levi 1957b Theridion differens Emerton, 1882 (no CN) Levi 1957b Theridion fl avonotatum Becker, 1879 (no CN) Levi 1957b Theridion glaucescens Becker, 1879 (no CN) Levi 1957b Theridion murarium Emerton, 1882 (Wall Spider) Bishop and Crosby 1926 Theridula opulenta (Walckenaer, 1842) (no CN) Levi 1954a Thymoites camano (Levi, 1957) (no CN) Levi 1957b Thymoites expulse (Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936) (no CN) Levi 1957b Thymoites marxi (Crosby, 1906) (no CN) Levi 1957b Thymoites unimaculatus (Emerton, 1882) (no CN) Levi 1957b Tidarren sisyphoides (Walckenaer, 1842) (no CN) Wamba crispulus (Simon, 1895) (no CN) Levi 1963a Theridiosomatidae Theridiosoma savannum Chamberlin and Ivie, 1944 (no CN) Archer 1953 Linyphiidae Florinda coccinea (Hentz, 1850) (no CN) Blauvelt 1937 Frontinella communis (Hentz, 1850) (Bowl and Doily Weaver) Meioneta fabra (Keyserling, 1886) * (no CN) Mermessus albulus (Zorsch and Crosby, 1934) * (no CN) Microlinyphia pusilla (Sundevall, 1830) * (no CN) Neriene clathrata (Sundevall, 1830) * (no CN) Neriene radiata (Walckenaer, 1842) (Filmy Dome Spider) NSD Paracornicularia bicapillata Crosby and Bishop, 1931 * (no CN) Scylaceus pallidus (Emerton, 1882) Young and Edwards 1990 Souessoula parva (Banks, 1899) (no CN) Millidge 1984 Soulgas corticarius (Emerton, 1909) * (no CN) Tutaibo angelicanus (Hentz, 1850) * (no CN) Tetragnathidae Azilia affi nis O.P.-Cambridge, 1893 (no CN) Levi 1980 Glenognatha foxi (McCook, 1894) (no CN) Dondale et al. 2003 Leucauge venusta (Walckenaer, 1842) (Orchard Orbweaver) 32 Southeastern Naturalist Vol. 9, Monograph No. 2 Family Species Evidence for inclusion Tetragnathidae, cont. Pachygnatha tristriata C.L. Koch, 1845 (no CN) Dondale et al. 2003 Tetragnatha caudata Emerton, 1884 (no CN) Levi 1981 Tetragnatha elongata Walckenaer, 1842 (Elongate Longjawed Orbweaver) Tetragnatha guatemalensis O.P.-Cambridge, 1889 (no CN) Levi 1981 Tetragnatha laboriosa Hentz, 1850 (Silver Longjawed Orbweaver) Levi 1981 Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826) (no CN) Tetragnatha pallescens F.O.P.-Cambridge, 1903 (no CN) Levi 1981 Tetragnatha straminea Emerton, 1884 (no CN) Levi 1981 Tetragnatha versicolor Walckenaer, 1842 (no CN) Levi 1981 Tetragnatha viridis Walckenaer, 1842 (no CN) Levi 1981 Nephilidae Nephila clavipes (Linnaeus, 1767) (Golden Silk Orbweaver) Araneidae Acacesia hamata (Hentz, 1847) (Difoliate Orbweaver) Acanthepeira cherokee Levi, 1976 (no CN) Levi 1976 Acanthepeira marion Levi, 1976 (no CN) Levi 1976 Acanthepeira stellata (Walckenaer, 1805) (Starbellied Orbweaver) Aculepeira aculifera (O.P.-Cambridge, 1889) (no CN) Araneus bicentenarius (McCook, 1888) (no CN) Araneus bonsallae (McCook, 1894) (no CN) Levi 1973 Araneus cavaticus (Keyserling, 1881) (Barn Orbweaver) Dondale et al. 2003 Araneus cingulatus (Walckenaer, 1842) (no CN) Levi 1973 Araneus detrimentosus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1889) (no CN) Levi 1973 Araneus juniperi (Emerton, 1884) (Juniper Spider) Levi 1973 Araneus marmoreus Clerck, 1757 (Marbled Orbweaver) Araneus miniatus (Walckenaer, 1842) (no CN) Levi 1973 Araneus niveus (Hentz, 1847) (no CN) Levi 1973 Araneus pegnia (Walckenaer, 1842) (no CN) Araneus pratensis (Emerton, 1884) (no CN) Levi 1973 Araneus thaddeus (Hentz, 1847) (Lattice Orbweaver) Levi 1973 2010 L.M. Hardy 33 Family Species Evidence for inclusion Araneidae, cont. Araneus trifolium (Hentz, 1847) (Shamrock Orbweaver) Argiope aurantia Lucas, 1833 (Yellow Garden Spider) Argiope trifasciata (Forsskål, 1775) (Banded Garden Spider) Colphepeira catawba (Banks, 1911) (Catawba Orbweaver) Levi 1978 Cyclosa turbinata (Walckenaer, 1842) (Trashline Orbweaver) Eustala anastera (Walckenaer, 1842) (Humpbacked Orbweaver) Eustala cepina (Walckenaer, 1842) (Little Humpbacked Orbweaver) Levi 1977 Eustala emertoni (Banks, 1904) (no CN) Levi 1977 Gasteracantha cancriformis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Spinybacked Orbweaver) Gea heptagon (Hentz, 1850) (Ground Orbweaver) Dondale et al. 2003 Hypsosigna funebris (Keyserling, 1892) (no CN) Dondale et al. 2003 Hypsosigna rubens (Hentz, 1847) (no CN) Levi 1971b Larinia directa (Hentz, 1847) (no CN) Harrod et al. 1990 Larinioides cornutus (Clerck, 1757) (Furrow Orbweaver) Mangora gibberosa (Hentz, 1847) (Lined Orbweaver) Mangora maculata (Keyserling, 1865) (Greenlegged Orbweaver) Dondale et al. 2003 Mangora placida (Hentz, 1847) (Tuftlegged Orbweaver) Mangora spiculata (Hentz, 1847) (no CN) Mastophora stowei Levi, 2003 (Stowe Bolas) Levi 2003 Mecynogea lemniscata (Walckenaer, 1842) (Basilica Orbweaver) Metazygia wittfeldae (McCook, 1894) (no CN) Metepeira labyrinthea (Hentz, 1847) (Labyrinth Orbweaver) Micrathena gracilis (Walckenaer, 1805) (Spined Micrathena) Micrathena mitrata (Hentz, 1850) (White Micrathena) Micrathena sagittata (Walckenaer, 1842) (Arrowshaped Micrathena) Neoscona arabesca (Walckenaer, 1842) (Arabesque Orbweaver) Neoscona crucifera (Lucas, 1838) (no CN) Neoscona domiciliorum (Hentz, 1847) (no CN) 34 Southeastern Naturalist Vol. 9, Monograph No. 2 Family Species Evidence for inclusion Araneidae, cont. Neoscona nautical (L. Koch, 1875) (no CN) Berman and Levi 1971 Neoscona pratensis (Hentz, 1847) (Prairie Orbweaver) Berman and Levi 1971 Neoscona utahana (Chamberlin, 1919) (no CN) Berman and Levi 1971 Ocrepeira ectypa (Walckenaer, 1842) (no CN) Ocrepeira georgia (Levi, 1976) (no CN) Levi 1976 Verrucosa arenata (Walckenaer, 1842) (Triangulate Orbweaver) Wagneriana tauricornis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1889) (no CN) Levi 1976 Zygiella nearctica Gertsch, 1964 (no CN) Lycosidae Allocosa funerea (Hentz, 1844) (no CN) Dondale and Redner 1983b Allocosa mulaiki (Gertsch, 1934) (no CN) Dondale and Redner 1983b Alopecosa pictilis (Emerton, 1885) (no CN) Arctosa littoralis (Hentz, 1844) (no CN) Geolycosa turricola (Treat, 1880) (no CN) Wallace 1942 Gladicosa gulosa (Walckenaer, 1837) (Forest Wolf Spider) Gladicosa pulchra (Keyserling, 1877) (no CN) Brady 1986 Hogna carolinensis (Walckenaer, 1805) (Carolina Wolf Spider) Pardosa atlantica Emerton, 1913 (no CN) Dondale and Redner 1984 Pardosa delicatula Gertsch and Wallace, 1935 (no CN) Dondale and Redner 1984 Pardosa littoralis Banks, 1896 (no CN) Vogel 2004 Pardosa milvina (Hentz, 1844) (Shore Spider) Dondale and Redner 1984 Pardosa parvula Banks, 1904 (no CN) Vogel 2004 Pardosa pauxilla Montgomery, 1904 (no CN) Dondale and Redner 1984 Pirata hiteorum Wallace and Exline, 1978 (no CN) Pirata sedentarius Montgomery, 1904 (no CN) Wallace and Exline 1978 Pirata seminolus Gertsch and Wallace, 1935 (no CN) Wallace and Exline 1978 Pirata suwaneus Gertsch, 1940 (no CN) Wallace and Exline 1978 Pirata sylvanus Chamberlin and Ivie, 1944 (no CN) Rabidosa hentzi (Banks, 1904) (no CN) Brady and McKinley 1994 2010 L.M. Hardy 35 Family Species Evidence for inclusion Lycosidae, cont. Rabidosa punctulata (Hentz, 1844) (Dotted Wolf Spider) Rabidosa rabida (Walckenaer, 1837) (Rabid Wolf Spider) Schizocosa avida (Walckenaer, 1837) (Lance Spider) Schizocosa bilineata (Emerton, 1885) (Twolined Spider) Bishop and Crosby 1926 Schizocosa duplex Chamberlin, 1925 (no CN) Schizocosa ocreata (Hentz, 1844) (no CN) Dondale and Redner 1978a Schizocosa retrorsa (Banks, 1911) (no CN) Dondale and Redner 1978a Schizocosa saltatrix (Hentz, 1844) (Hopping Spider) Dondale and Redner 1978a Trochosa sepulchralis (Montgomery, 1902) (no CN) Dreyer and Brady 2008 Varacosa avara (Keyserling, 1877) (Little Wolf Spider) Varacosa shenandoa (Chamberlin and Ivie, 1942) (no CN) Young and Edwards 1990 Pisauridae Dolomedes albineus Hentz, 1845 (no CN) Dolomedes scriptus Hentz, 1845 (no CN) Dolomedes striatus Giebel, 1869 (no CN) Dolomedes tenebrosus Hentz, 1844 (Dark Dolomedes) Dolomedes triton (Walckenaer, 1837) (Sixspotted Fishing Spider) Dolomedes vittatus Walckenaer, 1837 (no CN) Pisaurina brevipes (Emerton, 1911) (no CN) Pisaurina dubia (Hentz, 1847) (no CN) Pisaurina mira (Walckenaer, 1837) (Nursery Web Spider) Pisaurina undulata (Keyserling, 1887) (Ungulate Spider) Carico 1972 Tinus peregrinus (Bishop, 1924) (no CN) Carico 1976 Oxyopidae Oxyopes aglossus Chamberlin, 1929 (no CN) Brady 1964 Oxyopes apollo Brady, 1964 (no CN) Brady 1969 Oxyopes salticus Hentz, 1845 (Striped Lynx Spider) Oxyopes scalaris Hentz, 1845 (Western Lynx Spider) Peucetia viridians (Hentz, 1832) (Green Lynx Spider) Zoridae Zora pumila (Hentz, 1850) (no CN) 36 Southeastern Naturalist Vol. 9, Monograph No. 2 Family Species Evidence for inclusion Ctenidae Anahita punctulata (Hentz, 1844) (no CN) Peck 1981 Agelenidae Agelenopsis naevia (Walckenaer, 1842) (Dark Funnel Spider) Tegenaria domestica (Clerck, 1757) (Barn Funnel Weaver) Roth 1968 Amphinectidae Metaltella simoni (Keyserling, 1878) (no CN) Hahniidae Hahnia cinerea Emerton, 1890 (no CN) Opell and Beatty 1976 Hahnia fl aviceps Emerton, 1913 (no CN) Opell and Beatty 1976 Neoantistea agilis (Keyserling, 1887) (no CN) Dictynidae Cicurina arcuata Keyserling, 1887 (no CN) Roth 1988 Dictyna annexa Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936 (no CN) Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958 Dictyna bellans Chamberlin, 1919 (no CN) Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958 Dictyna coloradensis Chamberlin, 1919 (no CN) Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958 Dictyna foliacea (Hentz, 1850) (no CN) Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958 Dictyna formidolosa Gertsch and Ivie, 1936 (no CN) Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958 Dictyna volucripes Keyserling, 1881 (no CN) Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958 Emblyna altimira (Gertsch and Davis, 1942) (no CN) Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958 Emblyna cruciata (Emerton, 1888) (no CN) Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958 Emblyna hentzi (Kaston, 1945) (no CN) Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958 Emblyna roscida (Hentz, 1850) (no CN) Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958 Emblyna sublata (Hentz, 1850) (no CN) Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958 Lathys dixiana Ivie and Barrows, 1935 (no CN) Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958 Lathys immaculata (Chamberlin and Ivie, 1944) (no CN) Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958 Phantyna segregata (Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936) (Apex Mesh Weaver) Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958 Amaurobidae Coras medicinalis (Hentz, 1821) (no CN) Muma 1946 Titanoecidae Titanoeca americana Emerton, 1888 (no CN) Miturgidae Cheiracanthium inclusum (Hentz, 1847) (Agrarian Sac Spider) Strotarchus piscatorius (Hentz, 1847) (no CN) Edwards 1958 Anyphaenidae Anyphaena celer (Hentz, 1847) (no CN) Platnick 1974 Hibana gracilis (Hentz, 1847) (no CN) Platnick 1974 2010 L.M. Hardy 37 Family Species Evidence for inclusion Anyphaenidae, cont. Lupettiana mordax (O.P.-Cambridge, 1896) (no CN) Platnick 1974 Wulfi la saltabunda (Hentz, 1847) (Foliage Spider) Platnick 1974 Wulfi la albens (Hentz, 1847) (no CN) Platnick 1974 Clubionidae Clubiona abbotii L. Koch, 1866 (no CN) Banks 1899 Elaver excepta (L. Koch, 1866) (Pallid Sac Spider) Corrinnidae Castianeira amoena (C.L. Koch, 1841) (no CN) Reiskind 1969 Castianeira crocata (Hentz, 1847) (no CN) Reiskind 1969 Castianeira descripta (Hentz, 1847) (Redspotted Antmimic) Reiskind 1969 Castianeira gertschi Kaston, 1945 (Gertsch Antmimic) Reiskind 1969 Castianeira longipalpa (Hentz, 1847) (Longpalped Antmimic) Reiskind 1969 Castianeira trilineata (Hentz, 1847) (Threelined Antmimic) Reiskind 1969 Phrurotimpus borealis (Emerton, 1911) (Boreal Sac Spider) Trachelas similis F.O.P.-Cambridge, 1899 (no CN) Platnick and Shadab 1974 Trachelas tranquillus (Hentz, 1847) (Broadfaced Sac Spider) Prodidomidae Prodidomus rufus Hentz, 1847 (no CN) Cooke 1964 Gnaphosidae Callilepis imbecilla (Keyserling, 1887) (Velvet Spider) Platnick 1975 Cesonia bilineata (Hentz, 1847) (no CN) Platnick and Shadab 1980b Drassodes gosiutus Chamberlin, 1919 (no CN) Platnick and Shadab 1976b Gnaphosa fontinalis Keyserling, 1887 (no CN) Platnick and Shadab 1975a Gnaphosa sericata (L. Koch, 1866) (no CN) Haplodrassus mimus Chamberlin, 1922 (no CN) Platnick and Shadab 1975b Haplodrassus signifi er (C.L. Koch, 1839) (no CN) Platnick and Shadab 1975b Herpyllus ecclesiasticus Hentz, 1832 (Parson Spider) Platnick and Shadab 1977 Litopyllus temporarius Chamberlin, 1922 (no CN) Platnick and Shadab 1980a Nodocion fl oridanus (Banks, 1896) (no CN) Platnick and Shadab 1980a Scotophaeus blackwalli (Thorell, 1871) (no CN) Platnick and Shadab 1977 Synaphosus paludis (Chamberlin and Gertsch, 1940) (no CN) Platnick and Shadab 1980a Synaphosus syntheticus (Chamberlin, 1924) (no CN) Platnick and Shadab 1980a 38 Southeastern Naturalist Vol. 9, Monograph No. 2 Family Species Evidence for inclusion Gnaphosidae, cont. Talanites exlineae (Platnick and Shadab, 1976) (no CN) Platnick and Shadab 1976a Trachyzelotes lyonneti (Audouin, 1826) (no CN) Urozelotes rusticus (L. Koch, 1872) (no CN) Zelotes hentzi Barrows, 1945 (no CN) Platnick and Shadab 1983 Philodromidae Philodromus barrowsi Gertsch, 1934 (no CN) Dondale and Redner 1976 Philodromus imbecillus Keyserling, 1880 (no CN) Dondale and Redner 1968 Philodromus laticeps Keyserling, 1880 (no CN) Dondale and Redner 1976 Philodromus lutulentus Gertsch, 1934 (no CN) Dondale and Redner 1976 Philodromus marxi Keyserling, 1884 (Metallic Crab Spider) Dondale and Redner 1968 Philodromus mineri Gertsch, 1933 (no CN) Dondale and Redner 1968 Philodromus minutes Banks, 1892 (no CN) Dondale and Redner 1968 Philodromus placidus Banks, 1892 (no CN) Dondale and Redner 1968 Philodromus vulgaris (Hentz, 1847) (no CN) Dondale and Redner 1976 Thanatus bungei (Kulczyn’ski, 1908) (no CN) Thanatus formicinus (Clerck, 1757) (no CN) Dondale et al. 1964 Tibellus duttoni (Hentz, 1847) (no CN) NSD Tibellus oblongus (Walckenaer, 1802) (no CN) Schick 1965 Thomisidae Bassaniana fl oridana (Banks, 1896) (no CN) Bowling and Sauer 1975 Bassaniana utahensis (Gertsch, 1932) (no CN) Bowling and Sauer 1975 Bassaniana versicolor (Keyserling, 1880) (no CN) Mecaphesa asperata (Hentz, 1847) (Bristly Flower Spider) Misumena oblonga O.P.-Cambridge, 1885 (no CN) Misumena vatia (Clerck, 1757) (Goldenrod Crab Spider) Misumenoides formosipes (Walckenaer, 1837) (Whitebanded Crab Spider) Ozyptila americana Banks, 1895 (no CN) Ozyptila monroensis Keyserling, 1884 (Monroe Crab Spider) Synema parvulum (Hentz, 1847) (no CN) Tmarus angulatus (Walckenaer, 1837) (Twig Spider) Dondale and Redner 1978b Xysticus sp. 2010 L.M. Hardy 39 Family Species Evidence for inclusion Sparassidae Heteropoda venatoria (Linnaeus, 1767) (Huntsman Spider) Edwards 1979b Salticidae Attidops youngi (Peckham and Peckham, 1888) (no CN) Edwards 1999 Eris fl ava (Peckham and Peckham, 1888) (no CN) Eris militaris (Hentz, 1845) (Bronze Jumper) Habronattus coecatus (Hentz, 1846) (no CN) Griswold 1987 Habronatus cognatus (Peckham and Peckham, 1901) (no CN) Griswold 1987 Hentzia mitrata (Hentz, 1846) (Mitre Jumper) Richman 1989 Hentzia palmarum (Hentz, 1832) (no CN) Lyssomanes viridis (Walckenaer, 1837) (Magnolia Green Jumper) Maevia sp. (probably inclemens (Walckenaer, 1837) (Dimorphic Jumper) Barnes 1955 Menemerus bivittatus (Dufour, 1831) (Gray Wall Jumper) Barnes 1958 Metacyrba taeniola (Hentz, 1846) (no CN) Naphrys pulex (Hentz, 1846) (no CN) Neon nelli Peckham and Peckham, 1888 (no CN) Paradamoetus fontanus (Levi, 1951) (no CN) Paraphidippus aurantius (Lucas, 1833) (Changeable Jumper) Kaston 1973 Peckhamia picata (Hentz, 1846) (Antmimic Jumper) Pelegrina exigua (Banks, 1892) (no CN) Maddison 1996 Pelegrina galathea (Walckenaer, 1837) (Peppered Jumper) Maddison 1996 Pelegrina proterva (Walckenaer, 1837) (no CN) Maddison 1996 Pelegrina tillandsiae (Kaston, 1973) (no CN) Maddison 1996 Phidippus apacheanus Chamberlin and Gertsch, 1929 (Apache Jumper) Edwards 2004 Phidippus audax (Hentz, 1845) (Bold Jumper) Phidippus cardinalis (Hentz, 1845) (Cardinal Jumper) Edwards 2004 Phidippus clarus Keyserling, 1885 (no CN) Edwards 2004 Phidippus mystaceus (Hentz, 1846) (no CN) Edwards 2004 Phidippus otiosus (Hentz, 1846) (no CN) Phidippus pius Scheffer, 1905 (Kansas Jumper) Edwards 2004 40 Southeastern Naturalist Vol. 9, Monograph No. 2 Family Species Evidence for inclusion Salticidae, cont. Phidippus princeps (Peckham and Peckham, 1883) (no CN) Edwards 2004 Phidippus putnami (Peckham and Peckham, 1883) (Putnam Jumper) Edwards 2004 Phidippus whitmani Peckham and Peckham, 1909 (Whitman Jumper) Edwards 2004 Phlegra hentzi (Marx, 1890) (no CN) Peckham and Peckham 1909 Platycryptus undatus (De Geer, 1778) (no CN) Barnes 1958 Plexippus paykulli (Audouin, 1826) (Pantropical Jumper) Salticus scenicus (Clerck, 1757) (Zebra Jumper) Peckham and Peckham 1909 Sarinda hentzi (Banks, 1913) (no CN) Sassacus cyaneus (Hentz, 1846) (no CN) Sassacus papenhoei Peckham and Peckham, 1895 (Papenhoe Jumper) Richman 2008 Sassacus vitis (Cockerell, 1894) (no CN) Richman 2008 Synageles bishopi Cutler, 1988 (no CN) Cutler 1987 Synageles noxiosus (Hentz, 1850) (no CN) Thiodina puerpera (Hentz, 1846) (Hentz Jumper) Thiodina sylvana (Hentz, 1846) (no CN) Tutelina elegans (Hentz, 1846) (Iridescent Jumper) NSD Zygoballus rufi pes Peckham and Peckham, 1885 (Hammerjawed Jumper) Peckham and Peckham 1909 Zygoballus sexpunctatus (Hentz, 1845) (no CN)